feat(backup): GFS 分层保留策略（祖父-父-子）+ 任务表单配置 (#85)

新增 GFS 分层保留：按天/周/月/年保留代表性备份，各层级并集；任一>0 启用、全0 维持原策略（兼容），锁定记录豁免。后端 retention 算法+任务字段贯通，前端任务表单 GFS 配置。go test、tsc+vite 通过。

server/internal/backup/retention/service.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package retention
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -56,7 +57,13 @@ func (s *Service) Cleanup(ctx context.Context, task *model.BackupTask, provider
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("list successful records: %w", err)
 	}
-	candidates := selectRecordsToDelete(records, task.RetentionDays, task.MaxBackups, s.now())
+	var candidates []model.BackupRecord
+	if gfsEnabled(task) {
+		// GFS 策略：按天/周/月/年分层保留代表性备份，取代简单的天数/数量策略。
+		candidates = selectGFSToDelete(records, task.KeepDaily, task.KeepWeekly, task.KeepMonthly, task.KeepYearly)
+	} else {
+		candidates = selectRecordsToDelete(records, task.RetentionDays, task.MaxBackups, s.now())
+	}
 	result := &CleanupResult{}
 	for _, record := range candidates {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(record.StoragePath) != "" {
@@ -133,3 +140,72 @@ func hasLocked(records []model.BackupRecord) bool {
 	}
 	return false
 }
+
+// gfsEnabled 判定任务是否启用 GFS 分层保留（任一层级 > 0）。
+func gfsEnabled(task *model.BackupTask) bool {
+	return task.KeepDaily > 0 || task.KeepWeekly > 0 || task.KeepMonthly > 0 || task.KeepYearly > 0
+}
+
+func recordTime(r *model.BackupRecord) time.Time {
+	if r.CompletedAt != nil {
+		return *r.CompletedAt
+	}
+	return r.StartedAt
+}
+
+func isoWeekKey(t time.Time) string {
+	y, w := t.ISOWeek()
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%d-W%02d", y, w)
+}
+
+// selectGFSToDelete 按 GFS（祖父-父-子）策略选出应删除的记录。
+//
+// 规则：对每个层级（天/周/月/年），在按时间降序排列后，保留最近 keep 个不同周期中
+// 每个周期最新的一份备份；各层级保留集合取并集即「保留集」，其余删除。
+// 锁定（法律保留）的记录始终排除在删除候选之外。
+func selectGFSToDelete(records []model.BackupRecord, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly int) []model.BackupRecord {
+	active := make([]model.BackupRecord, 0, len(records))
+	for i := range records {
+		if !records[i].Locked {
+			active = append(active, records[i])
+		}
+	}
+	sort.SliceStable(active, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return recordTime(&active[i]).After(recordTime(&active[j]))
+	})
+
+	keep := make(map[uint]bool, len(active))
+	keepTier := func(count int, key func(time.Time) string) {
+		if count <= 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		periods := 0
+		lastPeriod := ""
+		havePrev := false
+		for i := range active {
+			p := key(recordTime(&active[i]))
+			if havePrev && p == lastPeriod {
+				continue // 同周期已保留代表（最新一份）
+			}
+			if periods >= count {
+				break // 该层级已保留足够多的周期
+			}
+			keep[active[i].ID] = true
+			lastPeriod = p
+			havePrev = true
+			periods++
+		}
+	}
+	keepTier(daily, func(t time.Time) string { return t.Format("2006-01-02") })
+	keepTier(weekly, isoWeekKey)
+	keepTier(monthly, func(t time.Time) string { return t.Format("2006-01") })
+	keepTier(yearly, func(t time.Time) string { return t.Format("2006") })
+
+	del := make([]model.BackupRecord, 0)
+	for i := range active {
+		if !keep[active[i].ID] {
+			del = append(del, active[i])
+		}
+	}
+	return del
+}

server/internal/backup/retention/service_test.go

@@ -93,6 +93,81 @@ func TestSelectRecordsToDelete(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func gfsRecord(id uint, ts time.Time, locked bool) model.BackupRecord {
+	completed := ts
+	return model.BackupRecord{ID: id, StartedAt: ts, CompletedAt: &completed, Locked: locked}
+}
+
+func gfsDay(y, m, d, h int) time.Time {
+	return time.Date(y, time.Month(m), d, h, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+}
+
+func deletedIDSet(records []model.BackupRecord) map[uint]bool {
+	out := make(map[uint]bool, len(records))
+	for i := range records {
+		out[records[i].ID] = true
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func assertDeleted(t *testing.T, del []model.BackupRecord, want ...uint) {
+	t.Helper()
+	got := deletedIDSet(del)
+	if len(got) != len(want) {
+		t.Fatalf("deleted set size = %d %v, want %d %v", len(got), got, len(want), want)
+	}
+	for _, id := range want {
+		if !got[id] {
+			t.Fatalf("expected id %d to be deleted; got %v", id, got)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSelectGFSToDelete_DailyTier 验证按天分层：每天仅保留最新一份，且只保留最近 N 天。
+func TestSelectGFSToDelete_DailyTier(t *testing.T) {
+	records := []model.BackupRecord{
+		gfsRecord(5, gfsDay(2026, 3, 7, 12), false), // 今天，最新 → 保留
+		gfsRecord(4, gfsDay(2026, 3, 7, 6), false),  // 今天，较早 → 删除（非当天代表）
+		gfsRecord(3, gfsDay(2026, 3, 6, 12), false), // 昨天 → 保留
+		gfsRecord(2, gfsDay(2026, 3, 5, 12), false), // 前天 → 超出 daily=2 → 删除
+		gfsRecord(1, gfsDay(2026, 3, 4, 12), false), // 更早 → 删除
+	}
+	del := selectGFSToDelete(records, 2, 0, 0, 0)
+	assertDeleted(t, del, 4, 2, 1)
+}
+
+// TestSelectGFSToDelete_TierUnion 验证多层级取并集：月度层级保留日度层级会删除的旧备份。
+func TestSelectGFSToDelete_TierUnion(t *testing.T) {
+	records := []model.BackupRecord{
+		gfsRecord(3, gfsDay(2026, 3, 7, 12), false),  // 3 月（最新）
+		gfsRecord(2, gfsDay(2026, 2, 15, 12), false), // 2 月
+		gfsRecord(1, gfsDay(2026, 1, 15, 12), false), // 1 月
+	}
+	// daily=1 只留 ID3；monthly=2 留最近两个月（3 月=ID3、2 月=ID2）。并集={3,2}，删除 ID1。
+	del := selectGFSToDelete(records, 1, 0, 2, 0)
+	assertDeleted(t, del, 1)
+}
+
+// TestSelectGFSToDelete_SkipsLocked 验证锁定记录即使超出所有层级也永不删除。
+func TestSelectGFSToDelete_SkipsLocked(t *testing.T) {
+	records := []model.BackupRecord{
+		gfsRecord(3, gfsDay(2026, 3, 7, 12), false),
+		gfsRecord(2, gfsDay(2026, 3, 6, 12), false),
+		gfsRecord(1, gfsDay(2020, 1, 1, 12), true), // 远超 daily=1 但已锁定 → 不删
+	}
+	del := selectGFSToDelete(records, 1, 0, 0, 0)
+	assertDeleted(t, del, 2) // 仅 ID2 被删；ID1 锁定豁免，ID3 为当日代表
+}
+
+func TestGFSEnabled(t *testing.T) {
+	if gfsEnabled(&model.BackupTask{}) {
+		t.Fatal("empty GFS config should be disabled")
+	}
+	if !gfsEnabled(&model.BackupTask{KeepWeekly: 4}) {
+		t.Fatal("KeepWeekly>0 should enable GFS")
+	}
+}
+
 // TestSelectRecordsToDelete_SkipsLocked 验证保留锁定（法律保留）的记录永不被选中删除，
 // 即使它既超过保留期、又超过 maxBackups 名额。
 func TestSelectRecordsToDelete_SkipsLocked(t *testing.T) {

server/internal/model/backup_task.go

@@ -18,42 +18,48 @@ const (
 )
 
 type BackupTask struct {
-	ID                   uint            `gorm:"primaryKey" json:"id"`
+	ID                   uint   `gorm:"primaryKey" json:"id"`
-	Name                 string          `gorm:"size:100;uniqueIndex;not null" json:"name"`
+	Name                 string `gorm:"size:100;uniqueIndex;not null" json:"name"`
-	Type                 string          `gorm:"size:20;index;not null" json:"type"`
+	Type                 string `gorm:"size:20;index;not null" json:"type"`
-	Enabled              bool            `gorm:"not null;default:true" json:"enabled"`
+	Enabled              bool   `gorm:"not null;default:true" json:"enabled"`
-	CronExpr             string          `gorm:"column:cron_expr;size:64" json:"cronExpr"`
+	CronExpr             string `gorm:"column:cron_expr;size:64" json:"cronExpr"`
-	SourcePath           string          `gorm:"column:source_path;size:500" json:"sourcePath"`
+	SourcePath           string `gorm:"column:source_path;size:500" json:"sourcePath"`
-	SourcePaths          string          `gorm:"column:source_paths;type:text" json:"sourcePaths"`
+	SourcePaths          string `gorm:"column:source_paths;type:text" json:"sourcePaths"`
-	ExcludePatterns      string          `gorm:"column:exclude_patterns;type:text" json:"excludePatterns"`
+	ExcludePatterns      string `gorm:"column:exclude_patterns;type:text" json:"excludePatterns"`
-	DBHost               string          `gorm:"column:db_host;size:255" json:"dbHost"`
+	DBHost               string `gorm:"column:db_host;size:255" json:"dbHost"`
-	DBPort               int             `gorm:"column:db_port" json:"dbPort"`
+	DBPort               int    `gorm:"column:db_port" json:"dbPort"`
-	DBUser               string          `gorm:"column:db_user;size:100" json:"dbUser"`
+	DBUser               string `gorm:"column:db_user;size:100" json:"dbUser"`
-	DBPasswordCiphertext string          `gorm:"column:db_password_ciphertext;type:text" json:"-"`
+	DBPasswordCiphertext string `gorm:"column:db_password_ciphertext;type:text" json:"-"`
-	DBName               string          `gorm:"column:db_name;size:255" json:"dbName"`
+	DBName               string `gorm:"column:db_name;size:255" json:"dbName"`
-	DBPath               string          `gorm:"column:db_path;size:500" json:"dbPath"`
+	DBPath               string `gorm:"column:db_path;size:500" json:"dbPath"`
 	// ExtraConfig 类型特有的扩展配置（JSON），如 SAP HANA 的 backupLevel / backupChannels 等
-	ExtraConfig string `gorm:"column:extra_config;type:text" json:"extraConfig"`
+	ExtraConfig     string          `gorm:"column:extra_config;type:text" json:"extraConfig"`
-	StorageTargetID      uint            `gorm:"column:storage_target_id;index;not null" json:"storageTargetId"`           // deprecated: 保留兼容
+	StorageTargetID uint            `gorm:"column:storage_target_id;index;not null" json:"storageTargetId"` // deprecated: 保留兼容
-	StorageTarget        StorageTarget   `json:"storageTarget,omitempty"`                                                  // deprecated: 保留兼容
+	StorageTarget   StorageTarget   `json:"storageTarget,omitempty"`                                        // deprecated: 保留兼容
-	StorageTargets       []StorageTarget `gorm:"many2many:backup_task_storage_targets" json:"storageTargets,omitempty"`
+	StorageTargets  []StorageTarget `gorm:"many2many:backup_task_storage_targets" json:"storageTargets,omitempty"`
-	NodeID               uint            `gorm:"column:node_id;index;default:0" json:"nodeId"`
+	NodeID          uint            `gorm:"column:node_id;index;default:0" json:"nodeId"`
-	Node                 Node            `json:"node,omitempty"`
+	Node            Node            `json:"node,omitempty"`
 	// NodePoolTag 节点池标签（可选）。非空且 NodeID=0 时，调度器会从 Node.Labels 包含该 tag
 	// 的在线节点中动态挑选一台执行（按运行中任务数最少原则），失败会 best-effort 切换到下一个候选。
 	// 典型场景：NodePoolTag="db" 让 MySQL 备份任务在任意标有 "db" 的数据库节点执行。
-	NodePoolTag string `gorm:"column:node_pool_tag;size:64;index" json:"nodePoolTag"`
+	NodePoolTag   string `gorm:"column:node_pool_tag;size:64;index" json:"nodePoolTag"`
-	Tags                 string          `gorm:"column:tags;size:500" json:"tags"`
+	Tags          string `gorm:"column:tags;size:500" json:"tags"`
-	RetentionDays        int             `gorm:"column:retention_days;not null;default:30" json:"retentionDays"`
+	RetentionDays int    `gorm:"column:retention_days;not null;default:30" json:"retentionDays"`
-	Compression          string          `gorm:"size:10;not null;default:'gzip'" json:"compression"`
+	Compression   string `gorm:"size:10;not null;default:'gzip'" json:"compression"`
-	Encrypt              bool            `gorm:"not null;default:false" json:"encrypt"`
+	Encrypt       bool   `gorm:"not null;default:false" json:"encrypt"`
-	MaxBackups           int             `gorm:"column:max_backups;not null;default:10" json:"maxBackups"`
+	MaxBackups    int    `gorm:"column:max_backups;not null;default:10" json:"maxBackups"`
-	LastRunAt            *time.Time      `gorm:"column:last_run_at" json:"lastRunAt,omitempty"`
+	// GFS（祖父-父-子）保留：分别保留最近 N 天 / M 周 / K 月 / Y 年的代表性备份（每周期保留最新一份）。
-	LastStatus           string          `gorm:"column:last_status;size:20;not null;default:'idle'" json:"lastStatus"`
+	// 任一 > 0 即启用 GFS，取代 RetentionDays/MaxBackups 简单策略；全为 0 时维持简单策略（向后兼容）。
+	KeepDaily   int        `gorm:"column:keep_daily;not null;default:0" json:"keepDaily"`
+	KeepWeekly  int        `gorm:"column:keep_weekly;not null;default:0" json:"keepWeekly"`
+	KeepMonthly int        `gorm:"column:keep_monthly;not null;default:0" json:"keepMonthly"`
+	KeepYearly  int        `gorm:"column:keep_yearly;not null;default:0" json:"keepYearly"`
+	LastRunAt   *time.Time `gorm:"column:last_run_at" json:"lastRunAt,omitempty"`
+	LastStatus  string     `gorm:"column:last_status;size:20;not null;default:'idle'" json:"lastStatus"`
 	// 验证（恢复演练）配置 — 定期自动校验备份可恢复性
-	VerifyEnabled   bool   `gorm:"column:verify_enabled;not null;default:false" json:"verifyEnabled"`
+	VerifyEnabled  bool   `gorm:"column:verify_enabled;not null;default:false" json:"verifyEnabled"`
-	VerifyCronExpr  string `gorm:"column:verify_cron_expr;size:64" json:"verifyCronExpr"`
+	VerifyCronExpr string `gorm:"column:verify_cron_expr;size:64" json:"verifyCronExpr"`
-	VerifyMode      string `gorm:"column:verify_mode;size:20;not null;default:'quick'" json:"verifyMode"`
+	VerifyMode     string `gorm:"column:verify_mode;size:20;not null;default:'quick'" json:"verifyMode"`
 	// SLA 配置 — RPO（期望最长未备份间隔）与告警阈值
 	SLAHoursRPO             int `gorm:"column:sla_hours_rpo;not null;default:0" json:"slaHoursRpo"`
 	AlertOnConsecutiveFails int `gorm:"column:alert_on_consecutive_fails;not null;default:1" json:"alertOnConsecutiveFails"`
@@ -68,9 +74,9 @@ type BackupTask struct {
 	// 语义：上游任务成功后自动触发本任务，形成工作流（如 DB 备份完成 → 归档压缩）。
 	// 调度器继续按本任务自己的 cron 触发，仅"自动触发"路径响应依赖完成事件。
 	// 循环依赖检查在 service 层完成，避免配置阶段即出错。
-	DependsOnTaskIDs string `gorm:"column:depends_on_task_ids;size:500" json:"dependsOnTaskIds"`
+	DependsOnTaskIDs string    `gorm:"column:depends_on_task_ids;size:500" json:"dependsOnTaskIds"`
-	CreatedAt            time.Time       `json:"createdAt"`
+	CreatedAt        time.Time `json:"createdAt"`
-	UpdatedAt            time.Time       `json:"updatedAt"`
+	UpdatedAt        time.Time `json:"updatedAt"`
 }
 
 func (BackupTask) TableName() string {

server/internal/service/backup_task_service.go

@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ type BackupTaskUpsertInput struct {
 	// SLA 配置
 	SLAHoursRPO             int `json:"slaHoursRpo"`
 	AlertOnConsecutiveFails int `json:"alertOnConsecutiveFails"`
+	// GFS 分层保留（任一 > 0 启用，取代 RetentionDays/MaxBackups）
+	KeepDaily   int `json:"keepDaily"`
+	KeepWeekly  int `json:"keepWeekly"`
+	KeepMonthly int `json:"keepMonthly"`
+	KeepYearly  int `json:"keepYearly"`
 	// 备份复制目标存储 ID 列表（3-2-1 规则）
 	ReplicationTargetIDs []uint `json:"replicationTargetIds"`
 	// 维护窗口（CSV，详见 backup/window.go）
@@ -90,6 +95,10 @@ type BackupTaskSummary struct {
 	VerifyMode              string `json:"verifyMode"`
 	SLAHoursRPO             int    `json:"slaHoursRpo"`
 	AlertOnConsecutiveFails int    `json:"alertOnConsecutiveFails"`
+	KeepDaily               int    `json:"keepDaily"`
+	KeepWeekly              int    `json:"keepWeekly"`
+	KeepMonthly             int    `json:"keepMonthly"`
+	KeepYearly              int    `json:"keepYearly"`
 	// 备份复制目标（3-2-1）
 	ReplicationTargetIDs []uint    `json:"replicationTargetIds"`
 	MaintenanceWindows   string    `json:"maintenanceWindows"`
@@ -674,6 +683,10 @@ func (s *BackupTaskService) buildTask(existing *model.BackupTask, input BackupTa
 		VerifyMode:              normalizeVerifyMode(input.VerifyMode),
 		SLAHoursRPO:             maxInt(0, input.SLAHoursRPO),
 		AlertOnConsecutiveFails: alertThreshold(input.AlertOnConsecutiveFails),
+		KeepDaily:               maxInt(0, input.KeepDaily),
+		KeepWeekly:              maxInt(0, input.KeepWeekly),
+		KeepMonthly:             maxInt(0, input.KeepMonthly),
+		KeepYearly:              maxInt(0, input.KeepYearly),
 		ReplicationTargetIDs:    encodeUintCSV(input.ReplicationTargetIDs),
 		MaintenanceWindows:      strings.TrimSpace(input.MaintenanceWindows),
 		DependsOnTaskIDs:        encodeUintCSV(input.DependsOnTaskIDs),
@@ -766,6 +779,10 @@ func toBackupTaskSummary(item *model.BackupTask) BackupTaskSummary {
 		VerifyMode:              item.VerifyMode,
 		SLAHoursRPO:             item.SLAHoursRPO,
 		AlertOnConsecutiveFails: item.AlertOnConsecutiveFails,
+		KeepDaily:               item.KeepDaily,
+		KeepWeekly:              item.KeepWeekly,
+		KeepMonthly:             item.KeepMonthly,
+		KeepYearly:              item.KeepYearly,
 		ReplicationTargetIDs:    parseUintCSV(item.ReplicationTargetIDs),
 		MaintenanceWindows:      item.MaintenanceWindows,
 		DependsOnTaskIDs:        parseUintCSV(item.DependsOnTaskIDs),

web/src/components/backup-tasks/BackupTaskFormDrawer.tsx

@@ -65,6 +65,10 @@ function createEmptyDraft(storageTargets?: StorageTargetSummary[]): BackupTaskPa
     compression: 'gzip',
     encrypt: false,
     maxBackups: 10,
+    keepDaily: 0,
+    keepWeekly: 0,
+    keepMonthly: 0,
+    keepYearly: 0,
     extraConfig: undefined,
     verifyEnabled: false,
     verifyCronExpr: '',
@@ -134,6 +138,10 @@ export function BackupTaskFormDrawer({ visible, loading, initialValue, storageTa
       compression: initialValue.compression,
       encrypt: initialValue.encrypt,
       maxBackups: initialValue.maxBackups,
+      keepDaily: initialValue.keepDaily ?? 0,
+      keepWeekly: initialValue.keepWeekly ?? 0,
+      keepMonthly: initialValue.keepMonthly ?? 0,
+      keepYearly: initialValue.keepYearly ?? 0,
       extraConfig: initialValue.extraConfig,
       verifyEnabled: initialValue.verifyEnabled ?? false,
       verifyCronExpr: initialValue.verifyCronExpr ?? '',
@@ -588,6 +596,25 @@ export function BackupTaskFormDrawer({ visible, loading, initialValue, storageTa
           <Typography.Text>最大保留份数</Typography.Text>
           <InputNumber style={{ width: '100%' }} value={draft.maxBackups} min={0} onChange={(value) => updateDraft({ maxBackups: Number(value ?? 0) })} />
         </div>
+        <div>
+          <Typography.Text type="secondary" style={{ fontSize: 12 }}>
+            GFS 分层保留（任一 &gt; 0 即启用，覆盖上面的天数/份数；每天/周/月/年仅保留最新一份）
+          </Typography.Text>
+          <Grid.Row gutter={8} style={{ marginTop: 4 }}>
+            <Grid.Col span={6}>
+              <InputNumber style={{ width: '100%' }} placeholder="日" prefix="日" min={0} value={draft.keepDaily} onChange={(value) => updateDraft({ keepDaily: Number(value ?? 0) })} />
+            </Grid.Col>
+            <Grid.Col span={6}>
+              <InputNumber style={{ width: '100%' }} placeholder="周" prefix="周" min={0} value={draft.keepWeekly} onChange={(value) => updateDraft({ keepWeekly: Number(value ?? 0) })} />
+            </Grid.Col>
+            <Grid.Col span={6}>
+              <InputNumber style={{ width: '100%' }} placeholder="月" prefix="月" min={0} value={draft.keepMonthly} onChange={(value) => updateDraft({ keepMonthly: Number(value ?? 0) })} />
+            </Grid.Col>
+            <Grid.Col span={6}>
+              <InputNumber style={{ width: '100%' }} placeholder="年" prefix="年" min={0} value={draft.keepYearly} onChange={(value) => updateDraft({ keepYearly: Number(value ?? 0) })} />
+            </Grid.Col>
+          </Grid.Row>
+        </div>
         <div>
           <Typography.Text>标签（逗号分隔，用于分组与筛选）</Typography.Text>
           <Input

web/src/types/backup-tasks.ts

@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@ export interface BackupTaskSummary {
   compression: BackupCompression
   encrypt: boolean
   maxBackups: number
+  keepDaily: number
+  keepWeekly: number
+  keepMonthly: number
+  keepYearly: number
   lastRunAt?: string
   lastStatus: BackupTaskStatus
   verifyEnabled: boolean
@@ -73,6 +77,10 @@ export interface BackupTaskPayload {
   compression: BackupCompression
   encrypt: boolean
   maxBackups: number
+  keepDaily: number
+  keepWeekly: number
+  keepMonthly: number
+  keepYearly: number
   /** 类型特有的扩展配置（如 SAP HANA 的 backupLevel/backupChannels 等） */
   extraConfig?: Record<string, unknown>
   verifyEnabled: boolean