diff --git a/app/chain/mediaserver.py b/app/chain/mediaserver.py
index ead78f89..50d06c66 100644
--- a/app/chain/mediaserver.py
+++ b/app/chain/mediaserver.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import threading
-from typing import List, Union, Optional, Generator
+from typing import List, Union, Optional, Generator, Any
 
 from app.chain import ChainBase
 from app.core.cache import cached
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ class MediaServerChain(ChainBase):
         """
         return self.run_module("mediaserver_librarys", server=server, username=username, hidden=hidden)
 
-    def items(self, server: str, library_id: Union[str, int], start_index: int = 0, limit: Optional[int] = -1) \
-            -> Optional[Generator]:
+    def items(self, server: str, library_id: Union[str, int],
+              start_index: int = 0, limit: Optional[int] = -1) -> Generator[Any, None, None]:
         """
         获取媒体服务器项目列表，支持分页和不分页逻辑，默认不分页获取所有数据
 
diff --git a/app/chain/subscribe.py b/app/chain/subscribe.py
index 63af834d..d63d9f9d 100644
--- a/app/chain/subscribe.py
+++ b/app/chain/subscribe.py
@@ -1262,7 +1262,7 @@ class SubscribeChain(ChainBase, metaclass=Singleton):
         订阅相关的下载和文件信息
         """
         if not subscribe:
-            return
+            return None
 
         # 返回订阅数据
         subscribe_info = schemas.SubscrbieInfo()
diff --git a/app/chain/transfer.py b/app/chain/transfer.py
index 67804384..6a369658 100644
--- a/app/chain/transfer.py
+++ b/app/chain/transfer.py
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ class TransferChain(ChainBase, metaclass=Singleton):
                 logger.error(f"整理队列处理出现错误：{e} - {traceback.format_exc()}")
 
     def __handle_transfer(self, task: TransferTask,
-                          callback: Optional[Callable] = None) -> Tuple[bool, str]:
+                          callback: Optional[Callable] = None) -> Optional[Tuple[bool, str]]:
         """
         处理整理任务
         """
diff --git a/app/core/module.py b/app/core/module.py
index c3543cff..25753d9b 100644
--- a/app/core/module.py
+++ b/app/core/module.py
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ class ModuleManager(metaclass=Singleton):
         获取实现了同一方法的模块列表
         """
         if not self._running_modules:
-            return []
+            return
         for _, module in self._running_modules.items():
             if hasattr(module, method) \
                     and ObjectUtils.check_method(getattr(module, method)):
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ class ModuleManager(metaclass=Singleton):
         获取指定类型的模块列表
         """
         if not self._running_modules:
-            return []
+            return
         for _, module in self._running_modules.items():
             if hasattr(module, 'get_type') \
                     and module.get_type() == module_type:
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ class ModuleManager(metaclass=Singleton):
         获取指定子类型的模块
         """
         if not self._running_modules:
-            return []
+            return
         for _, module in self._running_modules.items():
             if hasattr(module, 'get_subtype') \
                     and module.get_subtype() == module_subtype:
diff --git a/app/core/security.py b/app/core/security.py
index fbde303b..2a7dae40 100644
--- a/app/core/security.py
+++ b/app/core/security.py
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ import hmac
 import json
 import os
 import traceback
-from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+import datetime
+from datetime import timedelta
 from typing import Any, Union, Annotated, Optional
 
 import jwt
@@ -69,13 +70,13 @@ def create_access_token(
     if expires_delta is not None:
         if expires_delta.total_seconds() <= 0:
             raise ValueError("过期时间必须为正数")
-        expire = datetime.utcnow() + expires_delta
+        expire = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.UTC) + expires_delta
     else:
-        expire = datetime.utcnow() + default_expire
+        expire = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.UTC) + default_expire
 
     to_encode = {
         "exp": expire,
-        "iat": datetime.utcnow(),
+        "iat": datetime.datetime.now(datetime.UTC),
         "sub": str(userid),
         "username": username,
         "super_user": super_user,
@@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ def __set_or_refresh_resource_token_cookie(request: Request, response: Response,
             decoded_token = jwt.decode(resource_token, settings.RESOURCE_SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
             exp = decoded_token.get("exp")
             if exp:
-                remaining_time = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(exp) - datetime.utcnow()
+                remaining_time = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(exp) - datetime.datetime.now(datetime.UTC)
                 # 根据剩余时长提前刷新令牌
                 if remaining_time < timedelta(seconds=(settings.RESOURCE_ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_SECONDS / 3)):
                     raise jwt.ExpiredSignatureError
diff --git a/app/helper/browser.py b/app/helper/browser.py
index 2bbf7d30..67a98192 100644
--- a/app/helper/browser.py
+++ b/app/helper/browser.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Callable, Any
+from typing import Callable, Any, Optional
 
 from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright, Page
 from cf_clearance import sync_cf_retry, sync_stealth
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class PlaywrightHelper:
                         ua: str = None,
                         proxies: dict = None,
                         headless: bool = False,
-                        timeout: int = 20) -> str:
+                        timeout: int = 20) -> Optional[str]:
         """
         获取网页源码
         :param url: 网页地址
diff --git a/app/modules/emby/emby.py b/app/modules/emby/emby.py
index a3bf4508..ad6f3152 100644
--- a/app/modules/emby/emby.py
+++ b/app/modules/emby/emby.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import re
 import traceback
 from datetime import datetime
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import List, Optional, Union, Dict, Generator, Tuple
+from typing import List, Optional, Union, Dict, Generator, Tuple, Any
 
 from requests import Response
 
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ from app.log import logger
 from app.schemas.types import MediaType
 from app.utils.http import RequestUtils
 from app.utils.url import UrlUtils
+from schemas import MediaServerItem
 
 
 class Emby:
@@ -545,7 +546,7 @@ class Emby:
             return False
         return False
 
-    def refresh_library_by_items(self, items: List[schemas.RefreshMediaItem]) -> bool:
+    def refresh_library_by_items(self, items: List[schemas.RefreshMediaItem]) -> Optional[bool]:
         """
         按类型、名称、年份来刷新媒体库
         :param items: 已识别的需要刷新媒体库的媒体信息列表
@@ -668,8 +669,8 @@ class Emby:
             logger.error(f"连接/Users/{self.user}/Items/{itemid}出错：" + str(e))
         return None
 
-    def get_items(self, parent: Union[str, int], start_index: int = 0, limit: Optional[int] = -1) \
-            -> Optional[Generator]:
+    def get_items(self, parent: Union[str, int], start_index: int = 0,
+                  limit: Optional[int] = -1) -> Generator[MediaServerItem | None | Any, Any, None]:
         """
         获取媒体服务器项目列表，支持分页和不分页逻辑，默认不分页获取所有数据
 
diff --git a/app/modules/filemanager/storages/alist.py b/app/modules/filemanager/storages/alist.py
index 7f563db9..0404a3c0 100644
--- a/app/modules/filemanager/storages/alist.py
+++ b/app/modules/filemanager/storages/alist.py
@@ -201,12 +201,12 @@ class Alist(StorageBase, metaclass=Singleton):
 
         if resp is None:
             logging.warning(f"请求获取目录 {fileitem.path} 的文件列表失败，无法连接alist服务")
-            return
+            return None
         if resp.status_code != 200:
             logging.warning(
                 f"请求获取目录 {fileitem.path} 的文件列表失败，状态码：{resp.status_code}"
             )
-            return
+            return None
 
         result = resp.json()
 
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ class Alist(StorageBase, metaclass=Singleton):
             logging.warning(
                 f'获取目录 {fileitem.path} 的文件列表失败，错误信息：{result["message"]}'
             )
-            return
+            return None
 
         return [
             schemas.FileItem(
@@ -259,15 +259,15 @@ class Alist(StorageBase, metaclass=Singleton):
         """
         if resp is None:
             logging.warning(f"请求创建目录 {path} 失败，无法连接alist服务")
-            return
+            return None
         if resp.status_code != 200:
             logging.warning(f"请求创建目录 {path} 失败，状态码：{resp.status_code}")
-            return
+            return None
 
         result = resp.json()
         if result["code"] != 200:
             logging.warning(f'创建目录 {path} 失败，错误信息：{result["message"]}')
-            return
+            return None
 
         return self.get_item(path)
 
@@ -349,15 +349,15 @@ class Alist(StorageBase, metaclass=Singleton):
         """
         if resp is None:
             logging.warning(f"请求获取文件 {path} 失败，无法连接alist服务")
-            return
+            return None
         if resp.status_code != 200:
             logging.warning(f"请求获取文件 {path} 失败，状态码：{resp.status_code}")
-            return
+            return None
 
         result = resp.json()
         if result["code"] != 200:
             logging.debug(f'获取文件 {path} 失败，错误信息：{result["message"]}')
-            return
+            return None
 
         return schemas.FileItem(
             storage=self.schema.value,
@@ -513,15 +513,15 @@ class Alist(StorageBase, metaclass=Singleton):
         """
         if not resp:
             logging.warning(f"请求获取文件 {path} 失败，无法连接alist服务")
-            return
+            return None
         if resp.status_code != 200:
             logging.warning(f"请求获取文件 {path} 失败，状态码：{resp.status_code}")
-            return
+            return None
 
         result = resp.json()
         if result["code"] != 200:
             logging.warning(f'获取文件 {path} 失败，错误信息：{result["message"]}')
-            return
+            return None
 
         if result["data"]["raw_url"]:
             download_url = result["data"]["raw_url"]
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ class Alist(StorageBase, metaclass=Singleton):
 
         if resp.status_code != 200:
             logging.warning(f"请求上传文件 {path} 失败，状态码：{resp.status_code}")
-            return
+            return None
 
         new_item = self.get_item(Path(fileitem.path) / path.name)
         if new_item and new_name and new_name != path.name:
diff --git a/app/modules/filter/__init__.py b/app/modules/filter/__init__.py
index 7d6d0270..8b100a10 100644
--- a/app/modules/filter/__init__.py
+++ b/app/modules/filter/__init__.py
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ class FilterModule(_ModuleBase):
 
         return None if not matched else torrent
 
-    def __match_group(self, torrent: TorrentInfo, rule_group: Union[list, str]) -> bool:
+    def __match_group(self, torrent: TorrentInfo, rule_group: Union[list, str]) -> Optional[bool]:
         """
         判断种子是否匹配规则组
         """
diff --git a/app/modules/indexer/parser/ipt_project.py b/app/modules/indexer/parser/ipt_project.py
index cb268002..643cd0b3 100644
--- a/app/modules/indexer/parser/ipt_project.py
+++ b/app/modules/indexer/parser/ipt_project.py
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class IptSiteUserInfo(SiteParserBase):
     def _parse_user_torrent_seeding_info(self, html_text: str, multi_page: bool = False) -> Optional[str]:
         html = etree.HTML(html_text)
         if not StringUtils.is_valid_html_element(html):
-            return
+            return None
         # seeding start
         seeding_end_pos = 3
         if html.xpath('//tr/td[text() = "Leechers"]'):
diff --git a/app/modules/indexer/parser/tnode.py b/app/modules/indexer/parser/tnode.py
index 9b010670..1100a62d 100644
--- a/app/modules/indexer/parser/tnode.py
+++ b/app/modules/indexer/parser/tnode.py
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class TNodeSiteUserInfo(SiteParserBase):
         """
         seeding_info = json.loads(html_text)
         if seeding_info.get("status") != 200:
-            return
+            return None
 
         torrents = seeding_info.get("data", {}).get("torrents", [])
 
diff --git a/app/modules/jellyfin/jellyfin.py b/app/modules/jellyfin/jellyfin.py
index 50b5e096..3dc68494 100644
--- a/app/modules/jellyfin/jellyfin.py
+++ b/app/modules/jellyfin/jellyfin.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import json
 from datetime import datetime
-from typing import List, Union, Optional, Dict, Generator, Tuple
+from typing import List, Union, Optional, Dict, Generator, Tuple, Any
 
 from requests import Response
 
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from app.log import logger
 from app.schemas import MediaType
 from app.utils.http import RequestUtils
 from app.utils.url import UrlUtils
+from schemas import MediaServerItem
 
 
 class Jellyfin:
@@ -548,7 +549,7 @@ class Jellyfin:
             logger.error(f"连接Items/Id/Ancestors出错：" + str(e))
             return None
 
-    def refresh_root_library(self) -> bool:
+    def refresh_root_library(self) -> Optional[bool]:
         """
         通知Jellyfin刷新整个媒体库
         """
@@ -762,7 +763,7 @@ class Jellyfin:
         return None
 
     def get_items(self, parent: Union[str, int], start_index: int = 0, limit: Optional[int] = -1) \
-            -> Optional[Generator]:
+            -> Generator[MediaServerItem | None | Any, Any, None]:
         """
         获取媒体服务器项目列表，支持分页和不分页逻辑，默认不分页获取所有数据
 
diff --git a/app/modules/plex/plex.py b/app/modules/plex/plex.py
index 48e4be62..6009d0cf 100644
--- a/app/modules/plex/plex.py
+++ b/app/modules/plex/plex.py
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from app.log import logger
 from app.schemas import MediaType
 from app.utils.http import RequestUtils
 from app.utils.url import UrlUtils
+from schemas import MediaServerItem
 
 
 class Plex:
@@ -367,7 +368,7 @@ class Plex:
             return False
         return self._plex.library.update()
 
-    def refresh_library_by_items(self, items: List[schemas.RefreshMediaItem]) -> bool:
+    def refresh_library_by_items(self, items: List[schemas.RefreshMediaItem]) -> Optional[bool]:
         """
         按路径刷新媒体库 item: target_path
         """
@@ -512,7 +513,7 @@ class Plex:
         )
 
     def get_items(self, parent: Union[str, int], start_index: int = 0, limit: Optional[int] = -1) \
-            -> Optional[Generator]:
+            -> Generator[MediaServerItem | None, Any, None]:
         """
         获取媒体服务器项目列表，支持分页和不分页逻辑，默认不分页获取所有数据
 
@@ -855,7 +856,7 @@ class Plex:
         :param kwargs: 其他请求参数，如headers, cookies, proxies等
         """
         if not self._session:
-            return
+            return None
         try:
             url = UrlUtils.adapt_request_url(host=self._host, endpoint=endpoint)
             kwargs.setdefault("headers", self.__get_request_headers())
diff --git a/app/schemas/context.py b/app/schemas/context.py
index fb103711..5f98ceae 100644
--- a/app/schemas/context.py
+++ b/app/schemas/context.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Optional, Dict, List, Union
+from typing import Optional, Dict, List, Union, Any
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
 
@@ -235,9 +235,9 @@ class Context(BaseModel):
     上下文
     """
     # 元数据
-    meta_info: Optional[MetaInfo] = None
+    meta_info: Optional[Union[MetaInfo, Any]] = None
     # 媒体信息
-    media_info: Optional[MediaInfo] = None
+    media_info: Optional[Union[MediaInfo, Any]] = None
     # 种子信息
     torrent_info: Optional[TorrentInfo] = None
 
diff --git a/app/schemas/workflow.py b/app/schemas/workflow.py
index 3b695e0e..854d4d9e 100644
--- a/app/schemas/workflow.py
+++ b/app/schemas/workflow.py
@@ -42,43 +42,43 @@ class Action(BaseModel):
     """
     动作信息
     """
-    id: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="动作ID")
-    type: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="动作类型 (类名)")
-    name: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="动作名称")
-    description: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="动作描述")
-    position: Optional[dict] = Field({}, description="位置")
-    data: Optional[dict] = Field({}, description="参数")
+    id: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="动作ID")
+    type: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="动作类型 (类名)")
+    name: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="动作名称")
+    description: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="动作描述")
+    position: Optional[dict] = Field(default={}, description="位置")
+    data: Optional[dict] = Field(default={}, description="参数")
 
 
 class ActionExecution(BaseModel):
     """
     动作执行情况
     """
-    action: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="当前动作（名称）")
-    result: Optional[bool] = Field(None, description="执行结果")
-    message: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="执行消息")
+    action: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="当前动作（名称）")
+    result: Optional[bool] = Field(default=None, description="执行结果")
+    message: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="执行消息")
 
 
 class ActionContext(BaseModel):
     """
     动作基础上下文，各动作通用数据
     """
-    content: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="文本类内容")
-    torrents: Optional[List[Context]] = Field([], description="资源列表")
-    medias: Optional[List[MediaInfo]] = Field([], description="媒体列表")
-    fileitems: Optional[List[FileItem]] = Field([], description="文件列表")
-    downloads: Optional[List[DownloadTask]] = Field([], description="下载任务列表")
-    sites: Optional[List[Site]] = Field([], description="站点列表")
-    subscribes: Optional[List[Subscribe]] = Field([], description="订阅列表")
-    execute_history: Optional[List[ActionExecution]] = Field([], description="执行历史")
-    progress: Optional[int] = Field(0, description="执行进度（%）")
+    content: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="文本类内容")
+    torrents: Optional[List[Context]] = Field(default=[], description="资源列表")
+    medias: Optional[List[MediaInfo]] = Field(default=[], description="媒体列表")
+    fileitems: Optional[List[FileItem]] = Field(default=[], description="文件列表")
+    downloads: Optional[List[DownloadTask]] = Field(default=[], description="下载任务列表")
+    sites: Optional[List[Site]] = Field(default=[], description="站点列表")
+    subscribes: Optional[List[Subscribe]] = Field(default=[], description="订阅列表")
+    execute_history: Optional[List[ActionExecution]] = Field(default=[], description="执行历史")
+    progress: Optional[int] = Field(default=0, description="执行进度（%）")
 
 
 class ActionFlow(BaseModel):
     """
     工作流流程
     """
-    id: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="流程ID")
-    source: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="源动作")
-    target: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="目标动作")
-    animated: Optional[bool] = Field(True, description="是否动画流程")
+    id: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="流程ID")
+    source: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="源动作")
+    target: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="目标动作")
+    animated: Optional[bool] = Field(default=True, description="是否动画流程")