diff --git a/app/application/outbox.py b/app/application/outbox.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c8903f2bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/application/outbox.py
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+"""持久副作用 outbox 的应用契约与有限重试 dispatcher。"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from typing import Any, Protocol
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class OutboxIntent:
+    """与业务事务一起暂存的版本化副作用意图。"""
+
+    event_key: str
+    topic: str
+    payload: dict[str, Any]
+    payload_version: int = 1
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class ClaimedOutboxMessage:
+    """dispatcher 已获得 lease 的稳定消息投影。"""
+
+    message_id: int
+    event_key: str
+    topic: str
+    payload: dict[str, Any]
+    payload_version: int
+    attempt: int
+
+
+class OutboxRepository(Protocol):
+    """outbox 写入、claim 和终态更新所需的最小端口。"""
+
+    def stage(self, intent: OutboxIntent, now: datetime) -> None:
+        """在调用方当前事务中暂存意图，不自行提交。"""
+
+    def claim(self, now: datetime, lease_until: datetime) -> ClaimedOutboxMessage | None:
+        """原子认领一条到期消息。"""
+
+    def complete(self, message_id: int, completed_at: datetime) -> None:
+        """按消息 ID 标记完成。"""
+
+    def retry(
+        self,
+        message_id: int,
+        *,
+        next_retry_at: datetime,
+        last_error: str,
+        dead: bool,
+    ) -> None:
+        """记录有限退避或 dead-letter 终态。"""
+
+
+class OutboxDispatcher:
+    """认领并派发 outbox，按 event key 依赖 handler 幂等。"""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        repository: OutboxRepository,
+        handlers: dict[str, Callable[[ClaimedOutboxMessage], None]],
+        *,
+        max_attempts: int = 5,
+        lease_seconds: int = 60,
+        clock: Callable[[], datetime] | None = None,
+        close: Callable[[], None] | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """注入持久端口、topic handler 和有界重试策略。"""
+        self._repository = repository
+        self._handlers = handlers
+        self._max_attempts = max_attempts
+        self._lease_seconds = lease_seconds
+        self._clock = clock or (lambda: datetime.now(timezone.utc))
+        self._close = close or (lambda: None)
+
+    def dispatch_one(self) -> bool:
+        """处理一条到期消息；无消息返回 False，handler 失败留待重试。"""
+        now = self._clock()
+        message = self._repository.claim(
+            now,
+            now + timedelta(seconds=self._lease_seconds),
+        )
+        if message is None:
+            return False
+        try:
+            handler = self._handlers[message.topic]
+            handler(message)
+        except Exception as error:
+            dead = message.attempt >= self._max_attempts
+            delay = min(3600, 2 ** max(0, message.attempt - 1))
+            self._repository.retry(
+                message.message_id,
+                next_retry_at=now + timedelta(seconds=delay),
+                last_error=str(error)[:4000],
+                dead=dead,
+            )
+            return True
+        self._repository.complete(message.message_id, now)
+        return True
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """释放 dispatcher 工厂创建的短生命周期持久化资源。"""
+        self._close()
+
+
+_configured_dispatcher: Callable[[], OutboxDispatcher] | None = None
+
+
+def configure_outbox_dispatcher(provider: Callable[[], OutboxDispatcher]) -> None:
+    """由组合根登记短生命周期 dispatcher 工厂。"""
+    global _configured_dispatcher
+    _configured_dispatcher = provider
+
+
+def dispatch_pending_outbox(limit: int = 20) -> int:
+    """恢复有限数量到期 intent，供 Scheduler 与启动补偿复用。"""
+    if _configured_dispatcher is None:
+        raise RuntimeError("Outbox dispatcher 尚未配置")
+    dispatcher = _configured_dispatcher()
+    try:
+        processed = 0
+        while processed < limit and dispatcher.dispatch_one():
+            processed += 1
+        return processed
+    finally:
+        dispatcher.close()
diff --git a/app/application/subscription/write.py b/app/application/subscription/write.py
index f7bf5fd20..4a42ecd9d 100644
--- a/app/application/subscription/write.py
+++ b/app/application/subscription/write.py
@@ -16,8 +16,10 @@ app/application/history.py 里整理历史的写入路径同构。
 """
 
 from collections.abc import Awaitable, Callable
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from typing import Optional, Protocol, Tuple
 
+from app.application.outbox import OutboxIntent
 from app.domain.context import MediaInfo, MusicInfo
 from app.schemas.media import resolve_media_identity
 from app.schemas.types import MUSIC_ENTITY_ALBUM, MediaType
@@ -30,6 +32,20 @@ AfterCommitEffect = Callable[[int], None]
 AsyncAfterCommitEffect = Callable[[int], Awaitable[None]]
 
 
+class SubscriptionOutboxStager(Protocol):
+    """同步订阅事务暂存 durable intent 的最小端口。"""
+
+    def stage(self, intent: OutboxIntent, now: datetime) -> None:
+        """把意图加入当前业务事务。"""
+
+
+class AsyncSubscriptionOutboxStager(Protocol):
+    """异步订阅事务暂存 durable intent 的最小端口。"""
+
+    async def stage(self, intent: OutboxIntent, now: datetime) -> None:
+        """把意图加入当前异步业务事务。"""
+
+
 class SubscribeWriter(Protocol):
     """订阅写入应用服务使用的数据端口。"""
 
@@ -124,10 +140,12 @@ class CreateSubscriptionCommand:
         self,
         repository: SubscriptionStagingRepository,
         unit_of_work: UnitOfWork,
+        outbox: SubscriptionOutboxStager | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         """注入无提交仓储和事务所有者。"""
         self._repository = repository
         self._unit_of_work = unit_of_work
+        self._outbox = outbox
 
     def execute(
         self,
@@ -140,6 +158,11 @@ class CreateSubscriptionCommand:
         try:
             staged = self._repository.stage_add(identity, payload, username)
             if staged.created:
+                if self._outbox:
+                    self._outbox.stage(
+                        _subscribe_added_intent(staged.subscribe_id, payload, username),
+                        datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+                    )
                 self._unit_of_work.commit()
         except Exception:
             self._unit_of_work.rollback()
@@ -156,10 +179,12 @@ class AsyncCreateSubscriptionCommand:
         self,
         repository: SubscriptionStagingRepository,
         unit_of_work: AsyncUnitOfWork,
+        outbox: AsyncSubscriptionOutboxStager | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         """注入无提交异步仓储和事务所有者。"""
         self._repository = repository
         self._unit_of_work = unit_of_work
+        self._outbox = outbox
 
     async def execute(
         self,
@@ -176,6 +201,11 @@ class AsyncCreateSubscriptionCommand:
                 username,
             )
             if staged.created:
+                if self._outbox:
+                    await self._outbox.stage(
+                        _subscribe_added_intent(staged.subscribe_id, payload, username),
+                        datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+                    )
                 await self._unit_of_work.commit()
         except Exception:
             await self._unit_of_work.rollback()
@@ -185,6 +215,32 @@ class AsyncCreateSubscriptionCommand:
         return staged.subscribe_id, staged.message
 
 
+def _subscribe_added_intent(
+    subscribe_id: int,
+    payload: dict,
+    username: str | None,
+) -> OutboxIntent:
+    """构造版本化订阅新增事件，event key 同时作为 handler 幂等键。"""
+    return OutboxIntent(
+        event_key=subscription_added_event_key(subscribe_id, payload),
+        topic="subscribe.added",
+        payload={
+            "subscribe_id": subscribe_id,
+            "username": username,
+            "mediainfo": dict(payload),
+        },
+    )
+
+
+def subscription_added_event_key(subscribe_id: int, payload: dict) -> str:
+    """由订阅 ID 与媒体身份构造重试期间稳定、重建后不碰撞的幂等键。"""
+    return (
+        f"subscribe.added:{subscribe_id}:"
+        f"{payload.get('media_source') or 'unknown'}:"
+        f"{payload.get('media_id') or 'unknown'}:v1"
+    )
+
+
 _configured_subscribe_writer: Callable[[], SubscribeWriter] | None = None
 
 
diff --git a/app/chain/subscribe.py b/app/chain/subscribe.py
index 55fedb116..818c01ff7 100644
--- a/app/chain/subscribe.py
+++ b/app/chain/subscribe.py
@@ -924,6 +924,10 @@ class SubscribeChain(MusicSubscribeMixin, InteractionChainMixin, ChainBase):
             )
         eventmanager.send_event(EventType.SubscribeAdded, {
             "subscribe_id": subscribe_id,
+            "idempotency_key": (
+                f"subscribe.added:{subscribe_id}:"
+                f"{context.media_source}:{context.media_id}:v1"
+            ),
             "username": context.username,
             "mediainfo": context.mediainfo.to_dict(),
         })
@@ -955,6 +959,10 @@ class SubscribeChain(MusicSubscribeMixin, InteractionChainMixin, ChainBase):
             )
         await eventmanager.async_send_event(EventType.SubscribeAdded, {
             "subscribe_id": subscribe_id,
+            "idempotency_key": (
+                f"subscribe.added:{subscribe_id}:"
+                f"{context.media_source}:{context.media_id}:v1"
+            ),
             "username": context.username,
             "mediainfo": context.mediainfo.to_dict(),
         })
diff --git a/app/db/models/__init__.py b/app/db/models/__init__.py
index c02c464e5..73ff4d5fd 100644
--- a/app/db/models/__init__.py
+++ b/app/db/models/__init__.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ _MODEL_EXPORTS = {
     "DownloadHistory": ("app.db.models.downloadhistory", "DownloadHistory"),
     "MediaServerItem": ("app.db.models.mediaserver", "MediaServerItem"),
     "Message": ("app.db.models.message", "Message"),
+    "OutboxMessage": ("app.db.models.outbox", "OutboxMessage"),
     "PassKey": ("app.db.models.passkey", "PassKey"),
     "PluginData": ("app.db.models.plugindata", "PluginData"),
     "Site": ("app.db.models.site", "Site"),
diff --git a/app/db/models/outbox.py b/app/db/models/outbox.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..98255a016
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/db/models/outbox.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+"""持久副作用 outbox 模型。"""
+
+from typing import Any, Optional
+
+from sqlalchemy import Index, Integer, JSON, String, Text, UniqueConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.db.base import Base, get_id_column
+
+
+class OutboxMessage(Base):
+    """记录与业务事务原子提交、可认领重试的副作用意图。"""
+
+    id = get_id_column()
+    event_key: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    topic: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(100), nullable=False)
+    payload_version: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False, default=1)
+    payload: Mapped[dict[str, Any]] = mapped_column(JSON, nullable=False)
+    status: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(20), nullable=False, default="pending")
+    attempt: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False, default=0)
+    next_retry_at: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(40), nullable=False)
+    lease_until: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(40))
+    last_error: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(Text)
+    created_at: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(40), nullable=False)
+    completed_at: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(40))
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        UniqueConstraint("event_key", name="uq_outboxmessage_event_key"),
+        Index("ix_outboxmessage_claim", "status", "next_retry_at", "lease_until"),
+    )
diff --git a/app/scheduler.py b/app/scheduler.py
index 4fb2ae37b..37a03366c 100644
--- a/app/scheduler.py
+++ b/app/scheduler.py
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ from app.runtime.extensions.plugin_manager import PluginManager
 from app.db.oper.agenttask import AgentTaskOper
 from app.db.oper.systemconfig import SystemConfigOper
 from app.application.database import get_database_governance
+from app.application.outbox import dispatch_pending_outbox
 from app.application.image import WallpaperHelper
 from app.application.messaging.message import MessageHelper
 from app.runtime.progress import AsyncProgressHelper, ProgressHelper
@@ -354,6 +355,21 @@ class Scheduler(ConfigReloadMixin, metaclass=SingletonClass):
             )
 
             self._register_database_backup_job()
+            self._jobs["outbox_dispatch"] = {
+                "name": "恢复待投递副作用",
+                "func": dispatch_pending_outbox,
+                "running": False,
+            }
+            self._scheduler.add_job(
+                self.start,
+                "interval",
+                id="outbox_dispatch",
+                name="恢复待投递副作用",
+                seconds=30,
+                next_run_time=datetime.now(pytz.timezone(settings.TZ)),
+                kwargs={"job_id": "outbox_dispatch"},
+                replace_existing=True,
+            )
 
             # CookieCloud定时同步
             if (
diff --git a/app/startup/modules_initializer.py b/app/startup/modules_initializer.py
index 33c480472..6aa3be881 100644
--- a/app/startup/modules_initializer.py
+++ b/app/startup/modules_initializer.py
@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@ from app.application.security.userconfig import (
     configure_user_configuration,
 )
 from app.application.history import configure_transfer_history_provider
+from app.application.outbox import OutboxDispatcher, configure_outbox_dispatcher
+from app.startup.outbox import SqlAlchemyOutboxRepository
 from app.application.site.query import SiteQueryService, configure_site_query_service
 from app.application.site.health import SiteHealthService, configure_site_health_service
 from app.application.workflow import WorkflowQueryService, configure_workflow_query
@@ -94,7 +96,7 @@ from app.db.oper.workflow import WorkflowOper
 from app.command import CommandChain
 from app.schemas.message import Message
 from app.schemas.message import MessageType
-from app.schemas.types import SystemConfigKey
+from app.schemas.types import EventType, SystemConfigKey
 from app.startup.agent_initializer import init_agent, stop_agent
 from app.startup.database import build_database_governance
 from app.startup.managed_resources_initializer import (
@@ -194,6 +196,21 @@ def configure_runtime_data_providers() -> None:
     )
 
 
+def _build_outbox_dispatcher() -> OutboxDispatcher:
+    """创建一次恢复批次独占的 Session、Repository 和事件 handler。"""
+    session = SessionFactory()
+    return OutboxDispatcher(
+        repository=SqlAlchemyOutboxRepository(session),
+        handlers={
+            "subscribe.added": lambda message: EventManager().send_event(
+                EventType.SubscribeAdded,
+                message.payload,
+            )
+        },
+        close=session.close,
+    )
+
+
 def configure_wallpaper_services() -> None:
     """把需要 Chain 编排的壁纸来源注入图片服务。"""
     configure_wallpaper_providers(
@@ -454,6 +471,7 @@ async def init_modules() -> HostRuntime:
         user=lambda: UserOper(),
     )
     configure_system_config(SystemConfigService(repository=SystemConfigOper()))
+    configure_outbox_dispatcher(_build_outbox_dispatcher)
     configure_transfer_retry_config(
         lambda: TransferRetryConfig(
             max_failed_retries=settings.TRANSFER_MAX_FAILED_RETRIES,
diff --git a/app/startup/outbox.py b/app/startup/outbox.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c51d7de32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/startup/outbox.py
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+"""启动组合层使用的 SQLAlchemy outbox 持久化适配器。"""
+
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import or_, select, update
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.application.outbox import ClaimedOutboxMessage, OutboxIntent
+from app.db.base import execute_dml
+from app.db.models.outbox import OutboxMessage
+
+
+def _iso(value: datetime) -> str:
+    """将带时区时间统一序列化为可排序 ISO 字符串。"""
+    return value.isoformat()
+
+
+class SqlAlchemyOutboxRepository:
+    """使用调用方 Session 原子暂存并条件认领 outbox。"""
+
+    def __init__(self, session: Session) -> None:
+        """保存由调用方拥有的 SQLAlchemy Session。"""
+        self._session = session
+
+    def stage(self, intent: OutboxIntent, now: datetime) -> None:
+        """加入当前事务并 flush，使唯一键冲突在业务 commit 前暴露。"""
+        self._session.add(
+            OutboxMessage(
+                event_key=intent.event_key,
+                topic=intent.topic,
+                payload_version=intent.payload_version,
+                payload=intent.payload,
+                status="pending",
+                attempt=0,
+                next_retry_at=_iso(now),
+                created_at=_iso(now),
+            )
+        )
+        self._session.flush()
+
+    def claim(
+        self,
+        now: datetime,
+        lease_until: datetime,
+    ) -> ClaimedOutboxMessage | None:
+        """条件更新候选行；并发丢失竞争时返回 None。"""
+        now_text = _iso(now)
+        candidate = self._session.execute(
+            select(OutboxMessage)
+            .where(
+                OutboxMessage.status.in_(("pending", "processing")),
+                OutboxMessage.next_retry_at <= now_text,
+                or_(
+                    OutboxMessage.lease_until.is_(None),
+                    OutboxMessage.lease_until <= now_text,
+                ),
+            )
+            .order_by(OutboxMessage.id)
+            .limit(1)
+        ).scalars().first()
+        if candidate is None:
+            return None
+        next_attempt = candidate.attempt + 1
+        claimed = execute_dml(
+            self._session,
+            update(OutboxMessage)
+            .where(
+                OutboxMessage.id == candidate.id,
+                OutboxMessage.attempt == candidate.attempt,
+                or_(
+                    OutboxMessage.lease_until.is_(None),
+                    OutboxMessage.lease_until <= now_text,
+                ),
+            )
+            .values(
+                status="processing",
+                attempt=next_attempt,
+                lease_until=_iso(lease_until),
+            ),
+        )
+        self._session.commit()
+        if not claimed:
+            return None
+        return ClaimedOutboxMessage(
+            message_id=candidate.id,
+            event_key=candidate.event_key,
+            topic=candidate.topic,
+            payload=dict(candidate.payload),
+            payload_version=candidate.payload_version,
+            attempt=next_attempt,
+        )
+
+    def complete(self, message_id: int, completed_at: datetime) -> None:
+        """持久化完成终态并释放 lease。"""
+        self._session.execute(
+            update(OutboxMessage)
+            .where(OutboxMessage.id == message_id)
+            .values(status="completed", completed_at=_iso(completed_at), lease_until=None)
+        )
+        self._session.commit()
+
+    def complete_by_event_key(self, event_key: str, completed_at: datetime) -> None:
+        """即时 post-commit 全部成功时按幂等键收口对应 intent。"""
+        self._session.execute(
+            update(OutboxMessage)
+            .where(OutboxMessage.event_key == event_key)
+            .values(status="completed", completed_at=_iso(completed_at), lease_until=None)
+        )
+        self._session.commit()
+
+    def retry(
+        self,
+        message_id: int,
+        *,
+        next_retry_at: datetime,
+        last_error: str,
+        dead: bool,
+    ) -> None:
+        """持久化下一次退避或不可自动重试的 dead 终态。"""
+        self._session.execute(
+            update(OutboxMessage)
+            .where(OutboxMessage.id == message_id)
+            .values(
+                status="dead" if dead else "pending",
+                next_retry_at=_iso(next_retry_at),
+                lease_until=None,
+                last_error=last_error,
+            )
+        )
+        self._session.commit()
+
+
+class SqlAlchemyAsyncOutboxStager:
+    """只负责把 outbox 意图加入调用方异步事务。"""
+
+    def __init__(self, session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+        """保存由异步订阅命令拥有的 Session。"""
+        self._session = session
+
+    async def stage(self, intent: OutboxIntent, now: datetime) -> None:
+        """暂存并 flush，确保业务行与意图由同一次 commit 决定。"""
+        self._session.add(
+            OutboxMessage(
+                event_key=intent.event_key,
+                topic=intent.topic,
+                payload_version=intent.payload_version,
+                payload=intent.payload,
+                status="pending",
+                attempt=0,
+                next_retry_at=_iso(now),
+                created_at=_iso(now),
+            )
+        )
+        await self._session.flush()
+
+    async def complete_by_event_key(
+        self,
+        event_key: str,
+        completed_at: datetime,
+    ) -> None:
+        """异步 post-commit 全部成功时按幂等键收口 intent。"""
+        await self._session.execute(
+            update(OutboxMessage)
+            .where(OutboxMessage.event_key == event_key)
+            .values(status="completed", completed_at=_iso(completed_at), lease_until=None)
+        )
+        await self._session.commit()
diff --git a/app/startup/subscription.py b/app/startup/subscription.py
index f1ca37f09..393497ac8 100644
--- a/app/startup/subscription.py
+++ b/app/startup/subscription.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 from collections.abc import Callable
 from contextlib import AbstractAsyncContextManager
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
 
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
@@ -11,9 +12,14 @@ from app.application.subscription.write import (
     AsyncAfterCommitEffect,
     AsyncCreateSubscriptionCommand,
     CreateSubscriptionCommand,
+    subscription_added_event_key,
 )
 from app.db.oper.subscribe import SubscribeOper
 from app.db.uow import SqlAlchemyAsyncUnitOfWork, SqlAlchemyUnitOfWork
+from app.startup.outbox import (
+    SqlAlchemyAsyncOutboxStager,
+    SqlAlchemyOutboxRepository,
+)
 
 
 class TransactionalSubscribeWriter:
@@ -41,11 +47,23 @@ class TransactionalSubscribeWriter:
         """在独占同步会话内执行一次完整订阅新增事务。"""
         session = self._sync_session()
         try:
+            outbox = SqlAlchemyOutboxRepository(session)
             command = CreateSubscriptionCommand(
                 repository=SubscribeOper(session),
                 unit_of_work=SqlAlchemyUnitOfWork(session),
+                outbox=outbox,
             )
-            return command.execute(identity, payload, username, after_commit)
+
+            def delivered(subscribe_id: int) -> None:
+                """执行旧 post-commit 编排，全部成功后收口 durable intent。"""
+                if after_commit:
+                    after_commit(subscribe_id)
+                    outbox.complete_by_event_key(
+                        subscription_added_event_key(subscribe_id, payload),
+                        datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+                    )
+
+            return command.execute(identity, payload, username, delivered)
         finally:
             session.close()
 
@@ -58,13 +76,25 @@ class TransactionalSubscribeWriter:
     ) -> tuple[int, str]:
         """在独占异步会话作用域内执行一次完整订阅新增事务。"""
         async with self._async_session() as session:
+            outbox = SqlAlchemyAsyncOutboxStager(session)
             command = AsyncCreateSubscriptionCommand(
                 repository=SubscribeOper(session),
                 unit_of_work=SqlAlchemyAsyncUnitOfWork(session),
+                outbox=outbox,
             )
+
+            async def delivered(subscribe_id: int) -> None:
+                """异步执行旧编排，全部成功后收口 durable intent。"""
+                if after_commit:
+                    await after_commit(subscribe_id)
+                    await outbox.complete_by_event_key(
+                        subscription_added_event_key(subscribe_id, payload),
+                        datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+                    )
+
             return await command.execute(
                 identity,
                 payload,
                 username,
-                after_commit,
+                delivered,
             )
diff --git a/database/versions/c7d9a1e4f2b6_3_0_8.py b/database/versions/c7d9a1e4f2b6_3_0_8.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a631ceed9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/database/versions/c7d9a1e4f2b6_3_0_8.py
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+"""3.0.8 add durable side-effect outbox.
+
+Revision ID: c7d9a1e4f2b6
+Revises: 73370ce9bab7
+Create Date: 2026-08-21
+"""
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+
+
+revision = "c7d9a1e4f2b6"
+down_revision = "73370ce9bab7"
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    """创建可认领、有限重试并进入 dead letter 的 outbox 表。"""
+    # fresh 安装先由 metadata.create_all 建当前结构，再补跑 Alembic 链；此时只需推进 revision。
+    if "outboxmessage" in sa.inspect(op.get_bind()).get_table_names():
+        return
+    op.create_table(
+        "outboxmessage",
+        sa.Column("id", sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("event_key", sa.String(length=255), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("topic", sa.String(length=100), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("payload_version", sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("payload", sa.JSON(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("status", sa.String(length=20), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("attempt", sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("next_retry_at", sa.String(length=40), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("lease_until", sa.String(length=40), nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("last_error", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("created_at", sa.String(length=40), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("completed_at", sa.String(length=40), nullable=True),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id"),
+        sa.UniqueConstraint("event_key", name="uq_outboxmessage_event_key"),
+    )
+    op.create_index(
+        "ix_outboxmessage_claim",
+        "outboxmessage",
+        ["status", "next_retry_at", "lease_until"],
+        unique=False,
+    )
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    """删除 outbox；未投递副作用会不可逆丢失，降级前必须确认队列为空。"""
+    if "outboxmessage" not in sa.inspect(op.get_bind()).get_table_names():
+        return
+    op.drop_index("ix_outboxmessage_claim", table_name="outboxmessage")
+    op.drop_table("outboxmessage")
diff --git a/docs/refactor/backend-architecture-next-stage.md b/docs/refactor/backend-architecture-next-stage.md
index 19f50cf67..68803a7cd 100644
--- a/docs/refactor/backend-architecture-next-stage.md
+++ b/docs/refactor/backend-architecture-next-stage.md
@@ -672,6 +672,21 @@ ADR 必须逐个映射当前 Event、BackgroundTasks、Scheduler job、Agent tas
 6. 插件事件 payload 仍按 V3 dict 发送；durability 是宿主内部实现，不改变 SDK。
 7. 先选订阅写入或整理完成中的一个用例，不建立万能消息总线。
 
+**实施记录（2026-08-21）**：
+
+- 新增 `outboxmessage` 表与 Alembic revision `c7d9a1e4f2b6`。订阅新增行和
+  `subscribe.added` version 1 intent 在同一 Session/UoW 中 stage/flush/commit；outbox 写失败会回滚
+  订阅。降级会删除未投递 intent，执行前必须确认 pending/dead 均已处理或备份。
+- event key 由订阅 ID、`media_source`、`media_id` 和 payload version 构成；即时事件 payload 同步
+  暴露 `idempotency_key`。正常 post-commit 编排全部完成后收口 intent；进程在 commit 后崩溃或回调
+  失败时，记录保持 pending，由恢复 dispatcher 重放。
+- SQLAlchemy adapter 使用 attempt 条件更新和 lease 做原子 claim；dispatcher 最多 5 次指数退避，
+  错误截断后持久化，最终进入 `dead`。30 秒 Scheduler job 每批恢复最多 20 条，批次 Session 始终关闭。
+- pilot 只恢复 `SubscribeAdded` 事件；消息和外部统计仍执行旧 post-commit 编排，不能据此宣称所有订阅
+  副作用均 durable。后续 topic 必须另做幂等 handler 与崩溃窗口测试。
+- 66 个订阅/调度专项测试和 40 个数据库、迁移、Session/outbox 测试通过（1 个环境条件 skip）；
+  fresh schema 先 create_all 再升级与重复迁移均保持幂等。
+
 **禁止**：本阶段不引入 Celery、Kafka、RabbitMQ 等新基础设施。
 
 #### ARCH-252：Scheduler 拆成声明、执行和状态
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/architecture/dependency-baseline.json b/tests/fixtures/architecture/dependency-baseline.json
index c559fe0f0..ead685fe0 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/architecture/dependency-baseline.json
+++ b/tests/fixtures/architecture/dependency-baseline.json
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
     "runtime_to_db": [],
     "workflow_to_db": []
   },
-  "edge_count": 6208,
-  "edge_sha256": "a91776a358fc4820d1d6f6dc300b3432491dc6b87a0423a99acd0e6c1366526b",
+  "edge_count": 6223,
+  "edge_sha256": "f64e5083ab697022127780800617474d12f10b05a6fea26787e751a3f8a00421",
   "edges": [
     "app -> app.runtime",
     "app -> app.runtime.compat",
@@ -2711,6 +2711,8 @@
     "app.application.subscription.search -> app.application",
     "app.application.subscription.search -> app.application.subscription",
     "app.application.subscription.search -> app.application.subscription.delete",
+    "app.application.subscription.write -> app.application",
+    "app.application.subscription.write -> app.application.outbox",
     "app.application.subscription.write -> app.domain",
     "app.application.subscription.write -> app.domain.context",
     "app.application.subscription.write -> app.schemas",
@@ -3436,6 +3438,8 @@
     "app.db.models.message -> app.db",
     "app.db.models.message -> app.db.base",
     "app.db.models.message -> app.db.decorators",
+    "app.db.models.outbox -> app.db",
+    "app.db.models.outbox -> app.db.base",
     "app.db.models.passkey -> app.db",
     "app.db.models.passkey -> app.db.base",
     "app.db.models.passkey -> app.db.decorators",
@@ -5536,6 +5540,7 @@
     "app.scheduler -> app.application.image",
     "app.scheduler -> app.application.messaging",
     "app.scheduler -> app.application.messaging.message",
+    "app.scheduler -> app.application.outbox",
     "app.scheduler -> app.application.scheduling",
     "app.scheduler -> app.application.site",
     "app.scheduler -> app.chain",
@@ -5916,6 +5921,7 @@
     "app.startup.modules_initializer -> app.application.messaging.chat",
     "app.startup.modules_initializer -> app.application.messaging.message",
     "app.startup.modules_initializer -> app.application.module",
+    "app.startup.modules_initializer -> app.application.outbox",
     "app.startup.modules_initializer -> app.application.plugin",
     "app.startup.modules_initializer -> app.application.plugin.runtime",
     "app.startup.modules_initializer -> app.application.security",
@@ -5986,8 +5992,15 @@
     "app.startup.modules_initializer -> app.startup.context",
     "app.startup.modules_initializer -> app.startup.database",
     "app.startup.modules_initializer -> app.startup.managed_resources_initializer",
+    "app.startup.modules_initializer -> app.startup.outbox",
     "app.startup.modules_initializer -> app.startup.subscription",
     "app.startup.monitor_initializer -> app.monitor",
+    "app.startup.outbox -> app.application",
+    "app.startup.outbox -> app.application.outbox",
+    "app.startup.outbox -> app.db",
+    "app.startup.outbox -> app.db.base",
+    "app.startup.outbox -> app.db.models",
+    "app.startup.outbox -> app.db.models.outbox",
     "app.startup.plugins_initializer -> app.adapters",
     "app.startup.plugins_initializer -> app.adapters.external",
     "app.startup.plugins_initializer -> app.adapters.external.market",
@@ -6046,6 +6059,8 @@
     "app.startup.subscription -> app.db.oper",
     "app.startup.subscription -> app.db.oper.subscribe",
     "app.startup.subscription -> app.db.uow",
+    "app.startup.subscription -> app.startup",
+    "app.startup.subscription -> app.startup.outbox",
     "app.startup.transfer_initializer -> app.chain",
     "app.startup.transfer_initializer -> app.chain.transfer",
     "app.startup.workflow_initializer -> app.workflow",
@@ -6225,7 +6240,7 @@
     "app.workflow.actions.transfer_file -> app.workflow",
     "app.workflow.actions.transfer_file -> app.workflow.actions"
   ],
-  "module_count": 773,
+  "module_count": 776,
   "modules": [
     "app",
     "app.adapters",
@@ -6504,6 +6519,7 @@
     "app.application.music",
     "app.application.music.catalog",
     "app.application.notification",
+    "app.application.outbox",
     "app.application.plugin",
     "app.application.plugin.catalog",
     "app.application.plugin.config",
@@ -6605,6 +6621,7 @@
     "app.db.models.downloadhistory",
     "app.db.models.mediaserver",
     "app.db.models.message",
+    "app.db.models.outbox",
     "app.db.models.passkey",
     "app.db.models.plugindata",
     "app.db.models.site",
@@ -6973,6 +6990,7 @@
     "app.startup.managed_resources_initializer",
     "app.startup.modules_initializer",
     "app.startup.monitor_initializer",
+    "app.startup.outbox",
     "app.startup.plugins_initializer",
     "app.startup.routers_initializer",
     "app.startup.scheduler_initializer",
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/architecture/runtime-contract-baseline.json b/tests/fixtures/architecture/runtime-contract-baseline.json
index 139d9053f..2c445f7df 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/architecture/runtime-contract-baseline.json
+++ b/tests/fixtures/architecture/runtime-contract-baseline.json
@@ -2180,6 +2180,10 @@
           {
             "caller": "app.chain.subscribe",
             "count": 2
+          },
+          {
+            "caller": "app.startup.modules_initializer",
+            "count": 1
           }
         ]
       },
@@ -2304,7 +2308,7 @@
         ]
       }
     },
-    "producer_count": 66
+    "producer_count": 67
   },
   "module_method_specs": {
     "download_file": {
diff --git a/tests/test_outbox.py b/tests/test_outbox.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2c8992bab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_outbox.py
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+"""durable side-effect outbox 原子性、认领、重试与幂等测试。"""
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.application.outbox import ClaimedOutboxMessage, OutboxDispatcher
+from app.application.subscription.write import CreateSubscriptionCommand
+
+
+class _Staged:
+    """测试用新订阅暂存结果。"""
+
+    subscribe_id = 42
+    message = "ok"
+    created = True
+
+
+def test_subscription_and_outbox_intent_commit_together() -> None:
+    """业务行与 intent 均 stage 成功后才允许同一次 commit。"""
+    calls = []
+    repository = MagicMock()
+    repository.stage_add.side_effect = lambda *_args: calls.append("subscription") or _Staged()
+    outbox = MagicMock()
+    outbox.stage.side_effect = lambda *_args: calls.append("outbox")
+    unit_of_work = MagicMock()
+    unit_of_work.commit.side_effect = lambda: calls.append("commit")
+    command = CreateSubscriptionCommand(repository, unit_of_work, outbox=outbox)
+
+    result = command.execute({}, {"name": "demo"}, "user")
+
+    assert result == (42, "ok")
+    assert calls == ["subscription", "outbox", "commit"]
+    intent = outbox.stage.call_args.args[0]
+    assert intent.event_key == "subscribe.added:42:unknown:unknown:v1"
+    assert intent.payload["subscribe_id"] == 42
+
+
+def test_outbox_stage_failure_rolls_back_business_transaction() -> None:
+    """intent 无法持久化时订阅行不得单独提交。"""
+    repository = MagicMock()
+    repository.stage_add.return_value = _Staged()
+    outbox = MagicMock()
+    outbox.stage.side_effect = RuntimeError("outbox unavailable")
+    unit_of_work = MagicMock()
+    command = CreateSubscriptionCommand(repository, unit_of_work, outbox=outbox)
+
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="outbox unavailable"):
+        command.execute({}, {"name": "demo"})
+
+    unit_of_work.rollback.assert_called_once_with()
+    unit_of_work.commit.assert_not_called()
+
+
+def test_dispatcher_retries_then_dead_letters_with_stable_key() -> None:
+    """同一幂等键有限指数退避，达到上限后进入 dead letter。"""
+    now = datetime(2026, 8, 21, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+    repository = MagicMock()
+    repository.claim.side_effect = [
+        ClaimedOutboxMessage(1, "subscribe.added:42:v1", "subscribe.added", {}, 1, 1),
+        ClaimedOutboxMessage(1, "subscribe.added:42:v1", "subscribe.added", {}, 1, 2),
+    ]
+    handler = MagicMock(side_effect=RuntimeError("temporary"))
+    dispatcher = OutboxDispatcher(
+        repository,
+        {"subscribe.added": handler},
+        max_attempts=2,
+        clock=lambda: now,
+    )
+
+    assert dispatcher.dispatch_one() is True
+    assert repository.retry.call_args.kwargs["dead"] is False
+    assert dispatcher.dispatch_one() is True
+    assert repository.retry.call_args.kwargs["dead"] is True
+    assert [call.args[0].event_key for call in handler.call_args_list] == [
+        "subscribe.added:42:v1",
+        "subscribe.added:42:v1",
+    ]
+
+
+def test_dispatcher_marks_success_and_closes_owned_resource() -> None:
+    """成功 handler 收口消息，批次结束释放 Session 所有权。"""
+    now = datetime(2026, 8, 21, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+    repository = MagicMock()
+    message = ClaimedOutboxMessage(7, "key", "subscribe.added", {}, 1, 1)
+    repository.claim.return_value = message
+    close = MagicMock()
+    dispatcher = OutboxDispatcher(
+        repository,
+        {"subscribe.added": MagicMock()},
+        clock=lambda: now,
+        close=close,
+    )
+
+    assert dispatcher.dispatch_one() is True
+    repository.complete.assert_called_once_with(7, now)
+    dispatcher.close()
+    close.assert_called_once_with()