diff --git a/app/workflow/actions/invoke_plugin.py b/app/workflow/actions/invoke_plugin.py
index 9bff90795..3d1cefdc5 100644
--- a/app/workflow/actions/invoke_plugin.py
+++ b/app/workflow/actions/invoke_plugin.py
@@ -47,7 +47,16 @@ class InvokePluginAction(BaseAction):
                 logger.error(f"插件不存在: {params.plugin_id}")
                 return context
             actions = plugin_actions[0].get("actions", [])
-            action = next((action for action in actions if action.get("action_id") == params.action_id), None)
+            # 插件公开动作契约使用 ``id``；读取旧插件声明时保留 action_id 回退，避免已保存工作流失效。
+            action = next(
+                (
+                    action
+                    for action in actions
+                    if (action.get("id") or action.get("action_id"))
+                    == params.action_id
+                ),
+                None,
+            )
             if not action or not action.get("func"):
                 logger.error(f"插件动作不存在: {params.plugin_id} - {params.action_id}")
                 return context
diff --git a/tests/test_workflow_invoke_plugin.py b/tests/test_workflow_invoke_plugin.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0e8938b18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_workflow_invoke_plugin.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+"""插件工作流动作标识的公开契约与执行回归。"""
+
+from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
+
+from app.schemas.workflow import ActionContext
+from app.workflow.actions.invoke_plugin import InvokePluginAction
+
+
+def _execute_with_action(action: dict) -> tuple[InvokePluginAction, ActionContext]:
+    """在最小运行时替身中执行一个插件动作。"""
+    context = ActionContext(content="before")
+    action_fn = Mock(return_value=(True, context))
+    action["func"] = action_fn
+    plugin_manager = Mock()
+    plugin_manager.get_plugin_actions.return_value = [
+        {"plugin_id": "plugin-a", "actions": [action]}
+    ]
+
+    with patch(
+        "app.workflow.actions.get_configured_system_config",
+        return_value=Mock(),
+    ), patch(
+        "app.workflow.actions.invoke_plugin.get_plugin_manager",
+        return_value=plugin_manager,
+    ):
+        action_runner = InvokePluginAction("invoke")
+        result = action_runner.execute(
+            workflow_id=1,
+            params={
+                "plugin_id": "plugin-a",
+                "action_id": "cleanup",
+                "action_params": {"force": True},
+            },
+            context=context,
+        )
+
+    action_fn.assert_called_once_with(context, force=True)
+    assert action_runner.success is True
+    assert action_runner.done is True
+    return action_runner, result
+
+
+def test_invoke_plugin_uses_public_action_id() -> None:
+    """插件公开的 id 字段必须可被工作流执行器解析。"""
+    _, result = _execute_with_action({"id": "cleanup"})
+
+    assert result.content == "before"
+
+
+def test_invoke_plugin_keeps_legacy_action_id_fallback() -> None:
+    """历史插件声明仍可通过 action_id 回退执行。"""
+    _, result = _execute_with_action({"action_id": "cleanup"})
+
+    assert result.content == "before"