diff --git a/internal/api/admin_handler.go b/internal/api/admin_handler.go
index c51e461..d1d769b 100644
--- a/internal/api/admin_handler.go
+++ b/internal/api/admin_handler.go
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ type HealthResponse struct {
 }
 
 // RegisterRoutes 注册管理API路由
+// 注意: router 参数应该是已经带有 /api 前缀的子路由器
 func (h *AdminHandler) RegisterRoutes(router *mux.Router) {
 	// 注册路由，同时支持 OPTIONS 方法用于 CORS 预检
 	router.HandleFunc("/buckets", h.ListBuckets).Methods(http.MethodGet, http.MethodOptions)
diff --git a/internal/bucket/manager.go b/internal/bucket/manager.go
index 8f5e0d8..7afeef5 100644
--- a/internal/bucket/manager.go
+++ b/internal/bucket/manager.go
@@ -184,12 +184,16 @@ func (m *Manager) initHealthMonitoring() {
 
 	// 创建S3健康检查器
 	healthChecker := health.NewS3Checker(healthConfig)
+	// 设置操作记录器以统计健康检查的 ListObjects 操作
+	healthChecker.SetOperationRecorder(reporter)
 
 	// 创建健康监控器
 	m.healthMonitor = health.NewMonitor(healthChecker, reporter)
 
 	// 创建统计收集器
 	statsCollector := health.NewS3StatsCollector(30 * time.Second)
+	// 设置操作记录器以统计 Stats 收集的 ListObjects 操作
+	statsCollector.SetOperationRecorder(reporter)
 
 	// 创建统计监控器
 	m.statsMonitor = health.NewStatsMonitor(
diff --git a/internal/bucket/reporter.go b/internal/bucket/reporter.go
index 9826a7f..a5bd3cb 100644
--- a/internal/bucket/reporter.go
+++ b/internal/bucket/reporter.go
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package bucket
 
 import (
+	"log"
+
 	"github.com/DullJZ/s3-balance/internal/health"
 	"github.com/DullJZ/s3-balance/internal/metrics"
 )
@@ -64,3 +66,53 @@ func (r *MetricsReporter) ReportStats(stats *health.Stats) {
 		r.metrics.SetBucketUsage(stats.TargetID, stats.UsedSize, bucket.Config.MaxSizeBytes)
 	}
 }
+
+// RecordOperation 实现 health.OperationRecorder 接口
+func (r *MetricsReporter) RecordOperation(targetID string, category health.OperationCategory) {
+	r.manager.mu.RLock()
+	bucket, exists := r.manager.buckets[targetID]
+	storage := r.manager.storage
+	r.manager.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if !exists {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// 转换 health.OperationCategory 到 bucket.OperationCategory
+	var bucketCategory OperationCategory
+	switch category {
+	case health.OperationTypeA:
+		bucketCategory = OperationTypeA
+	case health.OperationTypeB:
+		bucketCategory = OperationTypeB
+	default:
+		return
+	}
+
+	// 更新 Prometheus 指标
+	if r.metrics != nil {
+		r.metrics.RecordBackendOperation(targetID, string(bucketCategory))
+	}
+
+	// 持久化操作计数到数据库并更新内存计数
+	var disabled bool
+	if storage != nil {
+		// 先持久化到数据库
+		newCount, err := storage.IncrementBucketOperation(targetID, string(bucketCategory))
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("Failed to persist health check operation count for bucket %s: %v", targetID, err)
+			// 如果数据库更新失败，仍然更新内存计数
+			disabled = bucket.RecordOperation(bucketCategory)
+		} else {
+			// 使用数据库返回的最新计数更新内存
+			disabled = bucket.SetOperationCount(bucketCategory, newCount)
+		}
+	} else {
+		// 没有 storage service，只更新内存
+		disabled = bucket.RecordOperation(bucketCategory)
+	}
+
+	if disabled {
+		log.Printf("Bucket %s disabled after exceeding %s-type operation limit (detected by health check)", targetID, bucketCategory)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/health/s3_checker.go b/internal/health/s3_checker.go
index f759deb..9e6229e 100644
--- a/internal/health/s3_checker.go
+++ b/internal/health/s3_checker.go
@@ -34,7 +34,8 @@ func (t *S3Target) GetEndpoint() string {
 
 // S3Checker S3健康检查器
 type S3Checker struct {
-	config Config
+	config    Config
+	opRecorder OperationRecorder
 }
 
 // NewS3Checker 创建S3健康检查器
@@ -54,6 +55,11 @@ func NewS3Checker(config Config) *S3Checker {
 	}
 }
 
+// SetOperationRecorder 设置操作记录器
+func (c *S3Checker) SetOperationRecorder(recorder OperationRecorder) {
+	c.opRecorder = recorder
+}
+
 // Check 执行S3健康检查
 func (c *S3Checker) Check(ctx context.Context, target Target) Status {
 	s3Target, ok := target.(*S3Target)
@@ -121,6 +127,12 @@ func (c *S3Checker) performSimpleCheck(ctx context.Context, target *S3Target) er
 		Bucket:  aws.String(target.Bucket),
 		MaxKeys: aws.Int32(1),
 	})
+
+	// 记录操作（ListObjectsV2 是 Class A 操作）
+	if c.opRecorder != nil {
+		c.opRecorder.RecordOperation(target.GetID(), OperationTypeA)
+	}
+
 	return err
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/health/stats.go b/internal/health/stats.go
index f91bfc3..76b1dfd 100644
--- a/internal/health/stats.go
+++ b/internal/health/stats.go
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ type Stats struct {
 
 // S3StatsCollector S3统计信息收集器
 type S3StatsCollector struct {
-	timeout time.Duration
+	timeout    time.Duration
+	opRecorder OperationRecorder
 }
 
 // NewS3StatsCollector 创建S3统计信息收集器
@@ -39,6 +40,11 @@ func NewS3StatsCollector(timeout time.Duration) *S3StatsCollector {
 	}
 }
 
+// SetOperationRecorder 设置操作记录器
+func (c *S3StatsCollector) SetOperationRecorder(recorder OperationRecorder) {
+	c.opRecorder = recorder
+}
+
 // CollectStats 收集S3存储桶统计信息
 func (c *S3StatsCollector) CollectStats(ctx context.Context, target Target) (*Stats, error) {
 	s3Target, ok := target.(*S3Target)
@@ -58,6 +64,12 @@ func (c *S3StatsCollector) CollectStats(ctx context.Context, target Target) (*St
 			Bucket:            aws.String(s3Target.Bucket),
 			ContinuationToken: continuationToken,
 		})
+
+		// 记录操作（每次 ListObjectsV2 调用都是 Class A 操作）
+		if c.opRecorder != nil {
+			c.opRecorder.RecordOperation(s3Target.GetID(), OperationTypeA)
+		}
+
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
diff --git a/internal/health/types.go b/internal/health/types.go
index bbdaadd..f00508a 100644
--- a/internal/health/types.go
+++ b/internal/health/types.go
@@ -66,3 +66,19 @@ type HealthReporter interface {
 	// ReportHealth 报告健康状态
 	ReportHealth(targetID string, status Status)
 }
+
+// OperationCategory 操作分类
+type OperationCategory string
+
+const (
+	// OperationTypeA 写入类操作 (ListObjects, PutObject, etc.)
+	OperationTypeA OperationCategory = "A"
+	// OperationTypeB 读取类操作 (GetObject)
+	OperationTypeB OperationCategory = "B"
+)
+
+// OperationRecorder 操作记录器接口
+type OperationRecorder interface {
+	// RecordOperation 记录一次后端操作
+	RecordOperation(targetID string, category OperationCategory)
+}