refactor: adjust database indexes by adding high-frequency composite indexes and removing redundant id indexes

app/db/__init__.py

@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ def get_id_column():
     """
     if settings.DB_TYPE.lower() == "postgresql":
         # PostgreSQL使用SERIAL类型，让数据库自动处理序列
-        return Column(Integer, Identity(start=1, cycle=True), primary_key=True, index=True)
+        return Column(Integer, Identity(start=1, cycle=True), primary_key=True)
     else:
         # SQLite使用Sequence
-        return Column(Integer, Sequence('id'), primary_key=True, index=True)
+        return Column(Integer, Sequence('id'), primary_key=True)
 
 
 def _get_database_engine(is_async: bool = False):

app/db/models/downloadhistory.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import time
 from typing import List, Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, JSON, select, func
+from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, JSON, Index, select, func
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class DownloadHistory(Base):
     # 下载器
     downloader = Column(String)
     # 下载任务Hash
-    download_hash = Column(String, index=True)
+    download_hash = Column(String)
     # 种子名称
     torrent_name = Column(String)
     # 种子描述
@@ -59,6 +59,11 @@ class DownloadHistory(Base):
     # 自定义识别词（用于整理时应用）
     custom_words = Column(String)
 
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index('ix_downloadhistory_download_hash_date', 'download_hash', 'date'),
+        Index('ix_downloadhistory_date_id', 'date', 'id'),
+    )
+
     @classmethod
     @db_query
     def get_by_hash(cls, db: Session, download_hash: str):
@@ -373,9 +378,9 @@ class DownloadFiles(Base):
     # 下载器
     downloader = Column(String)
     # 下载任务Hash
-    download_hash = Column(String, index=True)
+    download_hash = Column(String)
     # 完整路径
-    fullpath = Column(String, index=True)
+    fullpath = Column(String)
     # 保存路径
     savepath = Column(String, index=True)
     # 文件相对路径/名称
@@ -385,6 +390,11 @@ class DownloadFiles(Base):
     # 状态 0-已删除 1-正常
     state = Column(Integer, nullable=False, default=1)
 
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index('ix_downloadfiles_download_hash_state', 'download_hash', 'state'),
+        Index('ix_downloadfiles_fullpath_id', 'fullpath', 'id'),
+    )
+
     @classmethod
     @db_query
     def get_by_hash(cls, db: Session, download_hash: str, state: Optional[int] = None):

app/db/models/mediaserver.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from datetime import datetime
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, JSON
+from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, JSON, Index
 from sqlalchemy import select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ class MediaServerItem(Base):
     # 年份
     year = Column(String)
     # TMDBID
-    tmdbid = Column(Integer, index=True)
+    tmdbid = Column(Integer)
     # IMDBID
     imdbid = Column(String, index=True)
     # TVDBID
@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ class MediaServerItem(Base):
     # 同步时间
     lst_mod_date = Column(String, default=datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))
 
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index('ix_mediaserveritem_tmdbid_item_type', 'tmdbid', 'item_type'),
+    )
+
     @classmethod
     @db_query
     def get_by_itemid(cls, db: Session, item_id: str):

app/db/models/message.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, JSON, select
+from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, JSON, Index, select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
@@ -29,12 +29,16 @@ class Message(Base):
     # 用户ID
     userid = Column(String)
     # 登记时间
-    reg_time = Column(String, index=True)
+    reg_time = Column(String)
     # 消息方向：0-接收息，1-发送消息
     action = Column(Integer)
     # 附件json
     note = Column(JSON)
 
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index('ix_message_reg_time_id', 'reg_time', 'id'),
+    )
+
     @classmethod
     @db_query
     def list_by_page(cls, db: Session, page: Optional[int] = 1, count: Optional[int] = 30):

app/db/models/plugindata.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from sqlalchemy import Column, String, JSON, select
+from sqlalchemy import Column, String, JSON, Index, select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
@@ -16,10 +16,14 @@ class PluginData(Base):
     插件数据表
     """
     id = get_id_column()
-    plugin_id = Column(String, nullable=False, index=True)
-    key = Column(String, index=True, nullable=False)
+    plugin_id = Column(String, nullable=False)
+    key = Column(String, nullable=False)
     value = Column(JSON)
 
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index('ix_plugindata_plugin_id_key', 'plugin_id', 'key'),
+    )
+
     @classmethod
     @db_query
     def get_plugin_data(cls, db: Session, plugin_id: str):

app/db/models/siteuserdata.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from datetime import datetime
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, Float, JSON, func, or_, select
+from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, Float, JSON, Index, func, or_, select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class SiteUserData(Base):
     """
     id = get_id_column()
     # 站点域名
-    domain = Column(String, index=True)
+    domain = Column(String)
     # 站点名称
     name = Column(String)
     # 用户名
@@ -50,10 +50,15 @@ class SiteUserData(Base):
     # 错误信息
     err_msg = Column(String)
     # 更新日期
-    updated_day = Column(String, index=True, default=datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))
+    updated_day = Column(String, default=datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))
     # 更新时间
     updated_time = Column(String, default=datetime.now().strftime('%H:%M:%S'))
 
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index('ix_siteuserdata_updated_day_id', 'updated_day', 'id'),
+        Index('ix_siteuserdata_domain_updated_day_updated_time', 'domain', 'updated_day', 'updated_time'),
+    )
+
     @classmethod
     @db_query
     def get_by_domain(cls, db: Session, domain: str, workdate: Optional[str] = None, worktime: Optional[str] = None):

app/db/models/subscribe.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import time
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, Float, JSON, select
+from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, Float, JSON, Index, select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class Subscribe(Base):
     # 创建时间
     date = Column(String)
     # 订阅用户
-    username = Column(String)
+    username = Column(String, index=True)
     # 订阅站点
     sites = Column(JSON, default=list)
     # 下载器
@@ -88,6 +88,10 @@ class Subscribe(Base):
     # 选择的剧集组
     episode_group = Column(String)
 
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index('ix_subscribe_type_date', 'type', 'date'),
+    )
+
     @classmethod
     @db_query
     def exists(cls, db: Session, tmdbid: Optional[int] = None, doubanid: Optional[str] = None,

app/db/models/subscribehistory.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, Float, JSON, select
+from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, Float, JSON, Index, select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
@@ -73,6 +73,10 @@ class SubscribeHistory(Base):
     # 剧集组
     episode_group = Column(String)
 
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index('ix_subscribehistory_type_date', 'type', 'date'),
+    )
+
     @classmethod
     @db_query
     def list_by_type(cls, db: Session, mtype: str, page: Optional[int] = 1, count: Optional[int] = 30):

app/db/models/transferhistory.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import time
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, Boolean, func, or_, JSON, select
+from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, Boolean, Index, func, or_, JSON, select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
@@ -54,12 +54,17 @@ class TransferHistory(Base):
     # 转移失败信息
     errmsg = Column(String)
     # 时间
-    date = Column(String, index=True)
+    date = Column(String)
     # 文件清单，以JSON存储
     files = Column(JSON, default=list)
     # 剧集组
     episode_group = Column(String)
 
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index('ix_transferhistory_status_date', 'status', 'date'),
+        Index('ix_transferhistory_date_id', 'date', 'id'),
+    )
+
     @classmethod
     @db_query
     def list_by_title(cls, db: Session, title: str, page: Optional[int] = 1, count: Optional[int] = 30,

app/db/models/userconfig.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from sqlalchemy import Column, String, UniqueConstraint, Index, JSON
+from sqlalchemy import Column, String, UniqueConstraint, JSON
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
 from app.db import db_query, db_update, get_id_column, Base
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class UserConfig(Base):
     """
     id = get_id_column()
     # 用户名
-    username = Column(String, index=True)
+    username = Column(String)
     # 配置键
     key = Column(String)
     # 值
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ class UserConfig(Base):
     __table_args__ = (
         # 用户名和配置键联合唯一
         UniqueConstraint('username', 'key'),
-        Index('ix_userconfig_username_key', 'username', 'key'),
     )
 
     @classmethod

app/db/models/workflow.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from datetime import datetime
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, JSON, String, and_, or_, select
+from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, JSON, String, Index, and_, or_, select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 from app.db import Base, db_query, get_id_column, db_update, async_db_query, async_db_update
@@ -44,6 +44,10 @@ class Workflow(Base):
     # 最后执行时间
     last_time = Column(String)
 
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index('ix_workflow_trigger_type_state', 'trigger_type', 'state'),
+    )
+
     @classmethod
     @db_query
     def list(cls, db):

database/versions/93f8cb6a4d1e_2_2_4.py

@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+"""2.2.4
+调整数据库索引，补充高频组合索引并移除冗余 id 索引
+
+Revision ID: 93f8cb6a4d1e
+Revises: 58edfac72c32
+Create Date: 2026-05-09
+"""
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = "93f8cb6a4d1e"
+down_revision = "58edfac72c32"
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+REDUNDANT_ID_INDEXES = {
+    "downloadfiles": [("ix_downloadfiles_id", ["id"])],
+    "downloadhistory": [("ix_downloadhistory_id", ["id"])],
+    "mediaserveritem": [("ix_mediaserveritem_id", ["id"])],
+    "message": [("ix_message_id", ["id"])],
+    "passkey": [("ix_passkey_id", ["id"])],
+    "plugindata": [("ix_plugindata_id", ["id"])],
+    "site": [("ix_site_id", ["id"])],
+    "siteicon": [("ix_siteicon_id", ["id"])],
+    "sitestatistic": [("ix_sitestatistic_id", ["id"])],
+    "siteuserdata": [("ix_siteuserdata_id", ["id"])],
+    "subscribe": [("ix_subscribe_id", ["id"])],
+    "subscribehistory": [("ix_subscribehistory_id", ["id"])],
+    "systemconfig": [("ix_systemconfig_id", ["id"])],
+    "transferhistory": [("ix_transferhistory_id", ["id"])],
+    "user": [("ix_user_id", ["id"])],
+    "userconfig": [("ix_userconfig_id", ["id"])],
+    "workflow": [("ix_workflow_id", ["id"])],
+}
+
+
+DROP_INDEXES = {
+    "plugindata": [
+        ("ix_plugindata_plugin_id", ["plugin_id"]),
+        ("ix_plugindata_key", ["key"]),
+    ],
+    "message": [
+        ("ix_message_reg_time", ["reg_time"]),
+    ],
+    "siteuserdata": [
+        ("ix_siteuserdata_domain", ["domain"]),
+        ("ix_siteuserdata_updated_day", ["updated_day"]),
+    ],
+    "downloadhistory": [
+        ("ix_downloadhistory_download_hash", ["download_hash"]),
+    ],
+    "downloadfiles": [
+        ("ix_downloadfiles_download_hash", ["download_hash"]),
+        ("ix_downloadfiles_fullpath", ["fullpath"]),
+    ],
+    "mediaserveritem": [
+        ("ix_mediaserveritem_tmdbid", ["tmdbid"]),
+    ],
+    "transferhistory": [
+        ("ix_transferhistory_date", ["date"]),
+    ],
+    "userconfig": [
+        ("ix_userconfig_username", ["username"]),
+        ("ix_userconfig_username_key", ["username", "key"]),
+    ],
+}
+
+
+CREATE_INDEXES = {
+    "plugindata": [
+        ("ix_plugindata_plugin_id_key", ["plugin_id", "key"]),
+    ],
+    "message": [
+        ("ix_message_reg_time_id", ["reg_time", "id"]),
+    ],
+    "siteuserdata": [
+        ("ix_siteuserdata_updated_day_id", ["updated_day", "id"]),
+        (
+            "ix_siteuserdata_domain_updated_day_updated_time",
+            ["domain", "updated_day", "updated_time"],
+        ),
+    ],
+    "downloadhistory": [
+        ("ix_downloadhistory_download_hash_date", ["download_hash", "date"]),
+        ("ix_downloadhistory_date_id", ["date", "id"]),
+    ],
+    "downloadfiles": [
+        ("ix_downloadfiles_download_hash_state", ["download_hash", "state"]),
+        ("ix_downloadfiles_fullpath_id", ["fullpath", "id"]),
+    ],
+    "mediaserveritem": [
+        ("ix_mediaserveritem_tmdbid_item_type", ["tmdbid", "item_type"]),
+    ],
+    "subscribe": [
+        ("ix_subscribe_username", ["username"]),
+        ("ix_subscribe_type_date", ["type", "date"]),
+    ],
+    "subscribehistory": [
+        ("ix_subscribehistory_type_date", ["type", "date"]),
+    ],
+    "transferhistory": [
+        ("ix_transferhistory_status_date", ["status", "date"]),
+        ("ix_transferhistory_date_id", ["date", "id"]),
+    ],
+    "workflow": [
+        ("ix_workflow_trigger_type_state", ["trigger_type", "state"]),
+    ],
+}
+
+
+DOWNGRADE_RESTORE_INDEXES = {
+    "plugindata": [
+        ("ix_plugindata_plugin_id", ["plugin_id"]),
+        ("ix_plugindata_key", ["key"]),
+    ],
+    "message": [
+        ("ix_message_reg_time", ["reg_time"]),
+    ],
+    "siteuserdata": [
+        ("ix_siteuserdata_domain", ["domain"]),
+        ("ix_siteuserdata_updated_day", ["updated_day"]),
+    ],
+    "downloadhistory": [
+        ("ix_downloadhistory_download_hash", ["download_hash"]),
+    ],
+    "downloadfiles": [
+        ("ix_downloadfiles_download_hash", ["download_hash"]),
+        ("ix_downloadfiles_fullpath", ["fullpath"]),
+    ],
+    "mediaserveritem": [
+        ("ix_mediaserveritem_tmdbid", ["tmdbid"]),
+    ],
+    "transferhistory": [
+        ("ix_transferhistory_date", ["date"]),
+    ],
+    "userconfig": [
+        ("ix_userconfig_username", ["username"]),
+        ("ix_userconfig_username_key", ["username", "key"]),
+    ],
+}
+
+
+def _load_schema_state(inspector: sa.Inspector):
+    tables = set(inspector.get_table_names())
+    table_indexes = {
+        table_name: {
+            index["name"]: {
+                "columns": tuple(index.get("column_names") or []),
+                "unique": bool(index.get("unique")),
+            }
+            for index in inspector.get_indexes(table_name)
+        }
+        for table_name in tables
+    }
+    return tables, table_indexes
+
+
+def _drop_index(
+    table_name: str,
+    index_name: str,
+    tables: set[str],
+    table_indexes: dict[str, dict[str, dict[str, object]]],
+) -> None:
+    if table_name not in tables:
+        return
+    if index_name not in table_indexes[table_name]:
+        return
+    op.drop_index(index_name, table_name=table_name)
+    table_indexes[table_name].pop(index_name, None)
+
+
+def _drop_index_by_signature(
+    table_name: str,
+    columns: list[str],
+    tables: set[str],
+    table_indexes: dict[str, dict[str, dict[str, object]]],
+    expected_name: str | None = None,
+    unique: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    if table_name not in tables:
+        return
+
+    target_columns = tuple(columns)
+    for index_name, index_meta in list(table_indexes[table_name].items()):
+        if expected_name and index_name == expected_name:
+            _drop_index(table_name, index_name, tables, table_indexes)
+            return
+        if index_meta.get("columns") == target_columns and index_meta.get("unique") == unique:
+            _drop_index(table_name, index_name, tables, table_indexes)
+            return
+
+
+def _has_index_signature(
+    table_name: str,
+    columns: list[str],
+    tables: set[str],
+    table_indexes: dict[str, dict[str, dict[str, object]]],
+    unique: bool = False,
+) -> bool:
+    if table_name not in tables:
+        return False
+
+    target_columns = tuple(columns)
+    for index_meta in table_indexes[table_name].values():
+        if index_meta.get("columns") == target_columns and index_meta.get("unique") == unique:
+            return True
+    return False
+
+
+def _create_index(
+    table_name: str,
+    index_name: str,
+    columns: list[str],
+    tables: set[str],
+    table_indexes: dict[str, dict[str, dict[str, object]]],
+) -> None:
+    if table_name not in tables:
+        return
+    if index_name in table_indexes[table_name]:
+        return
+    if _has_index_signature(table_name, columns, tables, table_indexes, unique=False):
+        return
+    op.create_index(index_name, table_name, columns, unique=False)
+    table_indexes[table_name][index_name] = {
+        "columns": tuple(columns),
+        "unique": False,
+    }
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    inspector = sa.inspect(op.get_bind())
+    tables, table_indexes = _load_schema_state(inspector)
+
+    for table_name, index_specs in REDUNDANT_ID_INDEXES.items():
+        for index_name, columns in index_specs:
+            _drop_index_by_signature(
+                table_name,
+                columns,
+                tables,
+                table_indexes,
+                expected_name=index_name,
+                unique=False,
+            )
+
+    for table_name, index_specs in DROP_INDEXES.items():
+        for index_name, columns in index_specs:
+            _drop_index_by_signature(
+                table_name,
+                columns,
+                tables,
+                table_indexes,
+                expected_name=index_name,
+                unique=False,
+            )
+
+    for table_name, index_specs in CREATE_INDEXES.items():
+        for index_name, columns in index_specs:
+            _create_index(table_name, index_name, columns, tables, table_indexes)
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    inspector = sa.inspect(op.get_bind())
+    tables, table_indexes = _load_schema_state(inspector)
+
+    for table_name, index_specs in CREATE_INDEXES.items():
+        for index_name, _ in index_specs:
+            _drop_index(table_name, index_name, tables, table_indexes)
+
+    for table_name, index_specs in DOWNGRADE_RESTORE_INDEXES.items():
+        for index_name, columns in index_specs:
+            _create_index(table_name, index_name, columns, tables, table_indexes)
+
+    for table_name, index_specs in REDUNDANT_ID_INDEXES.items():
+        for index_name, columns in index_specs:
+            _create_index(table_name, index_name, columns, tables, table_indexes)