🐛 fix(table-designer): 修复 DuckDB 表设计主键保存失效

- 为 DuckDB 表结构变更补充 ADD PRIMARY KEY 预览 SQL
- 保存前拦截已有主键表的主键替换与删除，避免假成功
- 补充 DuckDB 主键变更判定与 schema SQL 回归测试

frontend/src/components/TableDesigner.tsx

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import { DBGetColumns, DBGetIndexes, DBQuery, DBGetForeignKeys, DBGetTriggers, D
 import { hasIndexFormChanged, normalizeIndexFormFromRow, shouldRestoreOriginalIndex, toggleIndexSelection as getNextIndexSelection, type IndexDisplaySnapshot } from './tableDesignerIndexUtils';
 import { buildIndexCreateSqlPreview } from './tableDesignerIndexSql';
 import { buildAlterTablePreviewSql, buildCreateTablePreviewSql, hasAlterTableDraftChanges, type StarRocksCreateTableOptions, type StarRocksDistributionType, type StarRocksKeyModel, type StarRocksTableKind } from './tableDesignerSchemaSql';
+import { summarizeDuckDbPrimaryKeyChange } from './tableDesignerDuckDbPrimaryKey';
 import { normalizeSchemaStatementForExecution, parseTableCommentFromDDL, splitSchemaExecutionStatements } from './tableDesignerExecutionSql';
 import TableDesignerSqlPreview from './TableDesignerSqlPreview';
 import { buildRpcConnectionConfig } from '../utils/connectionRpcConfig';
@@ -2211,6 +2212,13 @@ END;`;
           setIsPreviewOpen(true);
       } else {
           const tableInfo = resolveTableInfo();
+          if (tableInfo.dbType === 'duckdb') {
+              const pkChange = summarizeDuckDbPrimaryKeyChange(originalColumns, columns);
+              if (pkChange.isUnsupportedChange) {
+                  message.warning('DuckDB 当前仅支持为无主键表新增主键；已有主键的修改或删除需要通过重建表完成。');
+                  return;
+              }
+          }
           const sql = buildAlterTablePreviewSql({
               dbType: tableInfo.dbType,
               tableName: tableInfo.qualifiedName,

frontend/src/components/tableDesignerDuckDbPrimaryKey.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+
+import type { EditableColumnSnapshot } from './tableDesignerSchemaSql';
+import { summarizeDuckDbPrimaryKeyChange } from './tableDesignerDuckDbPrimaryKey';
+
+const col = (overrides: Partial<EditableColumnSnapshot>): EditableColumnSnapshot => ({
+  _key: overrides._key || 'id',
+  name: overrides.name || 'id',
+  type: overrides.type || 'BIGINT',
+  nullable: overrides.nullable || 'NO',
+  default: overrides.default || '',
+  extra: overrides.extra || '',
+  comment: overrides.comment || '',
+  key: overrides.key || '',
+  isAutoIncrement: overrides.isAutoIncrement || false,
+});
+
+describe('tableDesignerDuckDbPrimaryKey', () => {
+  it('treats first primary key addition as supported', () => {
+    const summary = summarizeDuckDbPrimaryKeyChange(
+      [col({ _key: 'id', key: '' })],
+      [col({ _key: 'id', key: 'PRI' })],
+    );
+
+    expect(summary).toEqual({
+      hasChange: true,
+      isAddingPrimaryKey: true,
+      isUnsupportedChange: false,
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('treats replacing an existing primary key as unsupported', () => {
+    const summary = summarizeDuckDbPrimaryKeyChange(
+      [col({ _key: 'id', key: 'PRI' }), col({ _key: 'name', name: 'name', key: '' })],
+      [col({ _key: 'id', key: '' }), col({ _key: 'name', name: 'name', key: 'PRI' })],
+    );
+
+    expect(summary).toEqual({
+      hasChange: true,
+      isAddingPrimaryKey: false,
+      isUnsupportedChange: true,
+    });
+  });
+});

frontend/src/components/tableDesignerDuckDbPrimaryKey.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import type { EditableColumnSnapshot } from './tableDesignerSchemaSql';
+
+export interface DuckDbPrimaryKeyChangeSummary {
+  hasChange: boolean;
+  isAddingPrimaryKey: boolean;
+  isUnsupportedChange: boolean;
+}
+
+const collectPrimaryKeys = (columns: EditableColumnSnapshot[]): string[] => (
+  columns
+    .filter((column) => column.key === 'PRI')
+    .map((column) => String(column._key || '').trim())
+    .filter(Boolean)
+    .sort()
+);
+
+export const summarizeDuckDbPrimaryKeyChange = (
+  originalColumns: EditableColumnSnapshot[],
+  columns: EditableColumnSnapshot[],
+): DuckDbPrimaryKeyChangeSummary => {
+  const originalKeys = collectPrimaryKeys(originalColumns);
+  const nextKeys = collectPrimaryKeys(columns);
+  const hasChange = originalKeys.length !== nextKeys.length || originalKeys.some((key, index) => key !== nextKeys[index]);
+  if (!hasChange) {
+    return {
+      hasChange: false,
+      isAddingPrimaryKey: false,
+      isUnsupportedChange: false,
+    };
+  }
+
+  const isAddingPrimaryKey = originalKeys.length === 0 && nextKeys.length > 0;
+  return {
+    hasChange: true,
+    isAddingPrimaryKey,
+    isUnsupportedChange: !isAddingPrimaryKey,
+  };
+};

frontend/src/components/tableDesignerSchemaSql.test.ts

@@ -163,6 +163,43 @@ describe('tableDesignerSchemaSql', () => {
     expect(sql).not.toContain('MODIFY COLUMN');
   });
 
+  it('builds duckdb alter preview with add primary key when adding first primary key', () => {
+    const sql = buildAlterTablePreviewSql(buildInput({
+      dbType: 'duckdb',
+      tableName: 'main.events',
+      originalColumns: [
+        baseColumn({ _key: 'id', name: 'id', type: 'BIGINT', nullable: 'YES', key: '' }),
+        baseColumn({ _key: 'name', name: 'name', type: 'VARCHAR', nullable: 'YES', key: '' }),
+      ],
+      columns: [
+        baseColumn({ _key: 'id', name: 'id', type: 'BIGINT', nullable: 'NO', key: 'PRI' }),
+        baseColumn({ _key: 'name', name: 'name', type: 'VARCHAR', nullable: 'YES', key: '' }),
+      ],
+    }));
+
+    expect(sql).toContain('ALTER TABLE "main"."events"\nALTER COLUMN "id" SET NOT NULL;');
+    expect(sql).toContain('ALTER TABLE "main"."events"\nADD PRIMARY KEY ("id");');
+  });
+
+  it('marks unsupported duckdb primary key replacement with explicit warning comment', () => {
+    const sql = buildAlterTablePreviewSql(buildInput({
+      dbType: 'duckdb',
+      tableName: 'main.events',
+      originalColumns: [
+        baseColumn({ _key: 'id', name: 'id', type: 'BIGINT', nullable: 'NO', key: 'PRI' }),
+        baseColumn({ _key: 'name', name: 'name', type: 'VARCHAR', nullable: 'YES', key: '' }),
+      ],
+      columns: [
+        baseColumn({ _key: 'id', name: 'id', type: 'BIGINT', nullable: 'NO', key: '' }),
+        baseColumn({ _key: 'name', name: 'name', type: 'VARCHAR', nullable: 'NO', key: 'PRI' }),
+      ],
+    }));
+
+    expect(sql).toContain('-- DuckDB 当前仅支持为无主键表新增 PRIMARY KEY；已有主键的修改或删除需要通过重建表完成。');
+    expect(sql).not.toContain('DROP CONSTRAINT');
+    expect(sql).not.toContain('DROP PRIMARY KEY');
+  });
+
   it('builds doris alter preview without mysql-only syntax or metadata extra', () => {
     const sql = buildAlterTablePreviewSql(buildInput({
       dbType: 'doris',

frontend/src/components/tableDesignerSchemaSql.ts

@@ -79,6 +79,12 @@ export interface BuildStarRocksMaterializedViewPreviewInput {
   properties?: string;
 }
 
+const collectPrimaryKeyColumnKeys = (columns: EditableColumnSnapshot[]): string[] => (
+  columns
+    .filter((col) => col.key === 'PRI')
+    .map((col) => col._key)
+);
+
 const escapeSqlString = (value: string) => String(value || '').replace(/'/g, "''");
 
 const stripIdentifierQuotes = unquoteSqlIdentifierPart;
@@ -607,6 +613,21 @@ const buildDuckDbAlterPreviewSql = (input: BuildAlterTablePreviewInput): string
     }
   });
 
+  const origPKKeys = collectPrimaryKeyColumnKeys(input.originalColumns);
+  const newPKKeys = collectPrimaryKeyColumnKeys(input.columns);
+  const keysChanged = origPKKeys.length !== newPKKeys.length || !origPKKeys.every((key) => newPKKeys.includes(key));
+  if (keysChanged) {
+    if (origPKKeys.length === 0 && newPKKeys.length > 0) {
+      const pkNames = input.columns
+        .filter((col) => col.key === 'PRI')
+        .map((col) => quoteIdentifierPart(col.name, dbType))
+        .join(', ');
+      statements.push(`ALTER TABLE ${tableRef}\nADD PRIMARY KEY (${pkNames});`);
+    } else {
+      statements.push('-- DuckDB 当前仅支持为无主键表新增 PRIMARY KEY；已有主键的修改或删除需要通过重建表完成。');
+    }
+  }
+
   return statements.join('\n');
 };